Notes on the marine algae of the International Biosphere Reserve Seaflower, Caribbean Colombia VI: New records of Phaeophyceae from Old Providence and Santa Catalina.
“…Cover cell deflection of mature tetrasporangia has been observed in D. caraibica from Colombia (Reyes‐Gómez et al. 2021, fig. 5D) and D. ballantinei from Western Australia, a species similar to D. caraibica from Bermuda (Huisman 2018, fig.…”
Continuing molecular studies of the red algal genus Dasya collected off the coast of Bermuda have revealed two new species in the developing D. cryptica species complex—one from each the euphotic and mesophotic zones, D. orae sp. nov. and D. bathypelagica sp. nov., respectively. Furthermore, what was known as D. baillouviana in Bermuda is shown to represent D. hibernae sp. nov., a sibling of D. pedicellata from New England and New York, USA. Despite morphological similarities to the recently described shallow subtidal species from the islands, D. cryptica, molecular sequencing and morphological comparisons demonstrated that a new set of inshore specimens represented D. orae. The larger, new deep‐water species, D. bathypelagica, was genetically compared with recent Bermuda collections of D. baillouviana and others worldwide morphologically falling under this epithet and represented a new species also grouping in the D. cryptica complex. The specimens of D. hibernae from Bermuda were shown to be genetically distinct from specimens of D. pedicellata from southern New England and New York. Molecular analyses necessitated the resurrection of D. pedicellata and uncovered undescribed species in the D. baillouviana complex in the western Atlantic. Based upon genetic evidence provided here, the generitype of Rhodoptilum nested among species in the D. baillouviana complex including the generitype. This finding required the synonymy of the genus Rhodoptilum with Dasya and allowed for the reinstatement of D. plumosa. Furthermore, Dasya collinsiana resolved in the lineage including a closely related species to the generitype of Dasysiphonia, necessitating the transfer of this Bermudian species and others worldwide from the genus Dasya to Dasysiphonia.
“…Cover cell deflection of mature tetrasporangia has been observed in D. caraibica from Colombia (Reyes‐Gómez et al. 2021, fig. 5D) and D. ballantinei from Western Australia, a species similar to D. caraibica from Bermuda (Huisman 2018, fig.…”
Continuing molecular studies of the red algal genus Dasya collected off the coast of Bermuda have revealed two new species in the developing D. cryptica species complex—one from each the euphotic and mesophotic zones, D. orae sp. nov. and D. bathypelagica sp. nov., respectively. Furthermore, what was known as D. baillouviana in Bermuda is shown to represent D. hibernae sp. nov., a sibling of D. pedicellata from New England and New York, USA. Despite morphological similarities to the recently described shallow subtidal species from the islands, D. cryptica, molecular sequencing and morphological comparisons demonstrated that a new set of inshore specimens represented D. orae. The larger, new deep‐water species, D. bathypelagica, was genetically compared with recent Bermuda collections of D. baillouviana and others worldwide morphologically falling under this epithet and represented a new species also grouping in the D. cryptica complex. The specimens of D. hibernae from Bermuda were shown to be genetically distinct from specimens of D. pedicellata from southern New England and New York. Molecular analyses necessitated the resurrection of D. pedicellata and uncovered undescribed species in the D. baillouviana complex in the western Atlantic. Based upon genetic evidence provided here, the generitype of Rhodoptilum nested among species in the D. baillouviana complex including the generitype. This finding required the synonymy of the genus Rhodoptilum with Dasya and allowed for the reinstatement of D. plumosa. Furthermore, Dasya collinsiana resolved in the lineage including a closely related species to the generitype of Dasysiphonia, necessitating the transfer of this Bermudian species and others worldwide from the genus Dasya to Dasysiphonia.
“…Recent results, obtained by expeditions [52] and independent research, carried out in the Seaflower Reserve of the Caribbean Sea, contributed to the identification, and listing of new marine algae (i.e., micro-, macroalgae, and cyanobacteria) for Colombia [53][54][55][56][57][58][59].…”
Section: Biodiversity Of Marine Algae In Colombiamentioning
Colombia has a diverse range of marine ecosystems in the coastal and insular areas of the Caribbean Sea and the Pacific Ocean. Seaweed research has focused mainly on the identification and taxonomic distribution of 628 species identified so far, mainly in the Caribbean Sea. Among the most widely cultivated genera of seaweeds in open-sea pilot systems in Colombia are Hydropuntia, Gracilaria, Hypnea, Kappaphycus, and Eucheuma. These genera have shown low yields as a consequence of high tissue fragility, epiphytism, sedimentation, and nitrogen deficiency. In addition, the evaluation of the biological activity of selected seaweed compounds has advanced considerably, focusing on their composition and their use for direct consumption by humans and animals. Despite the diversity of seaweeds, as well as certain technical and scientific advances, Colombia is still lagging behind other countries in seaweed exploitation, both in Latin America and worldwide. This current status raises the need to increase research, technological (agro-tech) appropriation, and the adoption of effective public policies that will boost algal businesses. In addition, seaweed cultivation could support the current blue economy transition in Colombia, which could eventually allow the country to enter the global seaweed market.
Background and Aims: During the past decade, phycological research in the Seaflower International Biosphere Reserve has revealed a much more diverse marine flora than historically appreciated. This work aims to contribute to the knowledge of macroalgal biodiversity in the Archipelago of San Andres, Old Providence and Saint Cataline, Colombian Caribbean, adding 11 new records of red algae.
Methods: The samples were collected around the islands in ten points covering different ecosystems, by SCUBA diving at depths between 0 and 37 m. Sampling was carried out between August and November 2009, December 2012, and September 2019 during the Seaflower Scientific Expedition. The algae collected were preserved in a 4% formalin/seawater solution. The identification was carried out using an optical microscope and specialized literature. All specimens were deposited in the herbarium JIW of the Biology Department of the Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.
Key results: Eleven species of red macroalgae are newly reported for the Seaflower International Biosphere Reserve in the Caribbean Sea. Of these taxa, six have been previously reported for the Colombian Caribbean: Botryocladia spinulifera, Champia taironensis, Dasya caraibica, Pterocladiella bartlettii, Seirospora occidentalis, Spyridia aculeata subsp. complanata. The remaining five species are new records for the country: Botryocladia cf. bahamensis, Botryocladia cf. bermudana, Ceramium brevizonatum var. caraibicum Gloioderma iyoense and Wrightiella tumanowiczii. With these results the International Biosphere Reserve Seaflower hosts 153 species of Rhodophyta, belonging to 12 orders, 27 families and 73 genera.
Conclusions: With the research carried out in the last 10 years, the number of registered taxa has increased from 202 to 325, which represents a 62% increase in the knowledge of macroalgae diversity and places the Archipelago in the second most diverse region in the Colombian Caribbean.
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