Notes on the biology and distribution of three recently discovered weevils in Hawkes Bay

Esson, Maggie

doi:10.30843/nzpp.1975.28.9157

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Two species of the genus Sitona Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) have established in New Zealand. Sitona discoideus Gyllenhal was first reported in Napier in 1974 (Esson 1975) and rapidly dispersed throughout New Zealand causing serious losses in sustainability and production in lucerne (Goldson et al 1985). A second species, the clover root weevil (S. lepidus Gyllenhal), was confirmed to be present in New Zealand in March 1996 (Barratt et al 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beauveria bassiana as a potential biocontrol agent against the clover root weevil, Sitona lepidus.

Willoughby¹,

Glare²,

Kettlewell³

et al. 1998

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Three clover root weevil (Sitona lepidus) adults infected with the entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana, were collected from pastures in the Waikato in 1997. Genotyping using rDNA comparisons showed the strain from weevils to be a cosmopolitan type. Application of fungal conidia topically and by contaminating leaf, soil and root surfaces showed that both B. bassiana isolated from S. lepidus in New Zealand and commercial preparations of this species were pathogenic to adult and larval clover root weevil, with up to 100% mortality within two to four weeks of inoculation. Isolates varied in their effectiveness against larvae and adults, with two isolates effective against adults found to be less pathogenic to larvae than a third isolate.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beauveria bassiana as a potential biocontrol agent against the clover root weevil, Sitona lepidus.

Willoughby¹,

Glare²,

Kettlewell³

et al. 1998

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“…Sitona discoideus Gyllenhal (formerly known as 5. humeralis Stephens in Australia and New Zealand (Roudier, 1980)) is thought to be of Mediterranean origin (Aeschlimann, 1979) and is assumed to have reached New Zealand via Australia (Kain & Trought, 1982) where it had been a pest for some years (Chadwick, 1960;Allen, 1971). First observed in Hawkes Bay in 1974 (Esson, 1975); S. discoideus has since been found in most parts of New Zealand wherever lucerne or annual species of Medicago occur (Kain & Trought, 1982). Kain & Trought (1982) and Goldson & French (1983) noted the ability of 5. discoideus to cause damage to lucerne (M. saliva) stands in Canterbury, New Zealand.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the arrival of S. discoideus in New Zealand, there have been several investigations into its biology (Esson, 1975;Wightman, 1979;Kwong Sue et al, 1980aWood, 1980). These studies, which were undertaken soon after the pest's appearance and partly to derive initial control measures, were of comparatively short duration (=£l year).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The seasonal biology ofSitona discoideusGyllenhal (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), an introduced pest of New Zealand lucerne

Goldson¹,

Frampton

Barratt

et al. 1984

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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Sitona discoideus Gylh., an introduced pest of lucerne in New Zealand, exhibits univoltine, aestivatory seasonality in Canterbury and Otago, with each generation appearing in late December. Some two weeks after the December emergence of adults, flights to aestivation sites commenced. These sites were commonly remote from the lucerne stands and included such places as under stones or at the base of trees, fence posts, etc. At the commencement of aestivation, the indirect flight muscles atrophied rapidly, only to redevelop some 6-8 weeks later when autumnal post-aestivatory return flights to lucerne began. During the winter, S. discoideus fed on lucerne foliage and became reproductively mature. By October, age-related adult mortality had begun, and for about two weeks in December no adult weevils were present at all in one Canterbury site. In Otago, there was a distinct generation overlap of 2-3 weeks. The eclosion of new generation weevils was closely synchronised; it is suggested that this may have been the product of differential egg development and egg-laying temperature thresholds and a high fourth instar and pupal develoment threshold. Synchronised emergence of adults tended to accentuate the problem of defoliation caused by their feeding.

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“…Sitona discoideus Gyllenhal is a univoltine pest of lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) that was first discovered in New Zealand in 1974 (Esson and Hartley, 1975). In 1982 the parasitoid Microctonus aethiopoides Loan was introduced (Stufkens et al 1987) and it has established throughout the major lucerne growing areas of New Zealand (Stufkens et al 1987;Ferguson et al 1994), providing sustained control of S. discoideus in Canterbury lucerne crops (Goldson et al 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding by Sitona discoideus after exposure to the parasitoid Microctonus aethiopoides

Evans¹,

Barratt²,

Chapman³

1997

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The impact of the parasitoid Microctonus aethiopoides Loan (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on the feeding activity of its adult weevil host Sitona discoideus Gyllenhal (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) was studied in the laboratory. Feeding by parasitised S. discoideus showed a distinct pattern with no significant feeding during the first two days after exposure to the parasitoids, peak feeding six days before parasitoid emergence and no feeding on the day of parasitoid emergence. Reproductive female S. discoideus consumed significantly more lucerne than parasitised weevils, unparasitised males, or non-reproductive females.

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Notes on the biology and distribution of three recently discovered weevils in Hawkes Bay

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

<i>Beauveria bassiana</i> as a potential biocontrol agent against the clover root weevil, <i>Sitona lepidus</i>.

<i>Beauveria bassiana</i> as a potential biocontrol agent against the clover root weevil, <i>Sitona lepidus</i>.

The seasonal biology ofSitona discoideusGyllenhal (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), an introduced pest of New Zealand lucerne

Feeding by <i>Sitona discoideus</i> after exposure to the parasitoid <i>Microctonus aethiopoides</i>

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