Notes on Loneliness

Satran, George

doi:10.1521/jaap.1.1978.6.3.281

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Few detailed analyses exist of the psychodynamic processes believed to contribute to loneliness and the therapeutic methods considered most effective in working with the lonely (Leiderman, 1969;Satran, 1978). A systematic review of psychodynamic theory and research that specifically addresses the etiology and treatment of loneliness, as distinct from depression and anxiety, would be quite valuable.…”

Section: Changing Characteristics Of the Lonely Personmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoting social bonding: Strategies for helping the lonely and socially isolated.

Rook

1984

American Psychologist

238

155

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The process of establishing and maintaining satisfactory social bonds is quite difficult for many people. This article considers how interpersonal ties may be facilitated among the lonely and socially isolated. A general framework for conceptualizing solutions to loneliness is presented, and specific interventions are discussed. Limitations of personcentered interventions are examined, and alternative interventions aimed at modifying features of social settings are suggested. Interventions that may be helpful even when it is not possible to improve deficient social relations are also considered. Ethical issues raised by interventions for loneliness and cultural values that may constrain their effectiveness are discussed. Social bonds have long been considered essential to psychological well-being (Durkheim, 1897(Durkheim, /1951Paris, 1934;Murray, 1938). Yet for many people the process of establishing and maintaining satisfactory social bonds is quite difficult. Cross-national surveys indicate that loneliness is a painful and common problem. Estimates of loneliness in these surveys range from 11% to 26% (Peplau, Russell, & Heim, 1979). An average 40% of respondents in several large-scale surveys described themselves as currently shy, and the vast majority of this group reported that shyness was a major personal problem (Pilkonis & Zimbardo, 1979). Surveys that have focused on objective indicators of social involvement rather than respondents' self-labels suggest that many people lack important social ties. The quality of life surveys conducted by the Institute for Social Research (Campbell, 1981), for example, found that one in six Americans did not have a friend to whom they could confide personal problems, and this figure increased to one in five when city dwellers were considered separately (pp. 104-106). Although most respondents knew people to whom they could turn for help in times of trouble, 5% knew no one (Campbell, 1981), and 19% reported that they did not have "many very good friends" (Campbell, Converse, & Rodgers, 1976, p. 358). Similarly, an average 19% of those interviewed for the General Social Survey from 1972(Davis, Smith, & Stephenson, 1981 said that they never or only rarely visited friends outside of their own neighborhood. 1 How should these figures be interpreted? Most discussions of such data emphasize the majority of respondents who report ample social ties (Fischer, 1976(Fischer, , 1982Seeman, 1975). Although it is important not to overstate the prevalence of social isolation and loneliness, it is also important not to minimize the existence of a significant minority whose social lives are seriously deficient. Periods of loneliness and feelings of social awkwardness or alienation from others are probably experienced by most people over the course of their lives, but for some these feelings persist or are sufficiently severe to make them vulnerable to emotional disorders and impaired physical health. Research has pointed to possible links between loneliness and depression (

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Section: Changing Characteristics Of the Lonely Personmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoting social bonding: Strategies for helping the lonely and socially isolated.

Rook

1984

American Psychologist

238

155

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“…A solidão constitui uma importante fonte de sofrimento psíquico e um fator frequente na busca de tratamento psicológico (Erlich, 1998;Quinodoz, 1996). Ainda que durante muitas décadas tenha sido amplamente negligenciada pela literatura psicanalítica (Fromm-Reichmann, 1959;Phillips, 1987;Satran, 1978), a solidão tem recebido maior atenção nos anos recentes (Mendelson, 1990;Satran, 1978), sendo reconhecida como um problema cujos desdobramentos alcançam os domínios da saúde mental, bem como as dimensões social, política e económica (Hertz, 2021). Dentre as causas do renovado interesse na solidão, poder-se-ia mencionar uma série de mudanças socioculturais ocorridas sobretudo a partir da segunda metade do século xx que marcaram profundamente a organização da vida social, as formas de interação e os processos de subjetivação em curso.…”

Section: Palavras-chave Solidão Relação De Objeto Narcisismo Traumaunclassified

Variações psicanalíticas sobre a solidão

Salem

2023

R. Port. Psicanálise

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No artigo, parte-se do princípio de que o sentimento de solidão possui uma grande relevância na experiência subjetiva dos indivíduos, constituindo uma importante fonte de sofrimento psíquico. São examinados, inicialmente, autores que sugerem o aumento de sua prevalência nas últimas décadas, cujas causas seriam de ordem política, económica e social. Ainda que durante um longo período o tema da solidão tenha tido pouca expressão na literatura psicanalítica, desde os anos cinquenta do século passado essa tendência alterou-se, quando se tornou objeto mais frequente de investigação clínica e conceitual. Após explorar de forma sucinta parte dessa bibliografia levando em conta a polissemia do termo, o artigo procura descrever três formas prevalentes de solidão. Com base em ideias de Klein, Ferenczi e Winnicott, propõe-se descrever variações deste sentimento, que são denominadas pelo autor, respetivamente, de solidão paranoide, solidão traumática e solidão narcísica. Tal desenvolvimento é acompanhado por três vinhetas clínicas que procuram ilustrá-las.

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“…A more refined focus on the part each specific emotion plays in analysis will clarify the potential benefits and complica tions in its expression and exploration. Analyst and patient are in a process that is sustained by curiosity (Sullivan, 1954;Witenberg, 1973;Stern, 1989a;1989b;, by the capacity to feel surprised and to face the new and strange (Singer, 1965), by the strength to retain an inner core of self-respect in the face of shame (Bose, 1990), by the ability to bear the guilt of recognizing our impact on the other person (Schecter, 1979), by the capacity to tolerate mod erate degrees of loneliness (Fromm-Reichmann, 1959;Satran, 1978), by the passionate and playful joy of alive, vibrant human interaction (Ehrenberg, 1990;Feiner, 1991b). More work is needed to understand the specific contributions of each of these emotions, and others, in the analytic interchange.…”

Section: Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Applications of an Interpersonal View of the Emotions

Buechler

1993

Contemporary Psychoanalysis

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Notes on Loneliness

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Promoting social bonding: Strategies for helping the lonely and socially isolated.

Promoting social bonding: Strategies for helping the lonely and socially isolated.

Variações psicanalíticas sobre a solidão

Clinical Applications of an Interpersonal View of the Emotions

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