“…Monachoides belongs to Hygromiidae Tryon, 1866, a diverse and genus-rich family of land snails, widely distributed across the Palaearctic region, and even reaching sub-Saharan Africa . The systematics of Hygromiidae from the division into subfamilies down to the assignment of species to genera relied for a long time on the structure of the reproductive system (Forcart, 1946;Hesse, 1921Hesse, , 1931Nordsieck, 1987Nordsieck, , 1993Schileyko, 1970Schileyko, , 1972aSchileyko, , 1972bSchileyko, , 1978Schileyko, , 1991Schileyko, , 2006von Ihering, 1892;Wagner, 1915;Watson, 1919). The number and arrangement of dart sacs were among the most important characters; a single sac with a developed dart was one of the defining characters for the group into which Monachoides incarnatus (Müller, 1774) was classified.…”