Note: Unique characterization possibilities in the ultra high vacuum scanning transmission x-ray microscope (UHV-STXM) “MAXYMUS” using a rotatable permanent magnetic field up to 0.22 T

Nolle, D.; Weigand, Markus; Audehm, P.; Goering, E.; Wiesemann, U.; Wolter, Christopher; Nolle, Eugen; Schütz, Gisela

doi:10.1063/1.4707747

Cited by 49 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Thus, this model also seems reasonable for the samples examined here. This assumption is supported by the fact that the switching mechanism of the FeMn/Co system was clearly identified to be domain nucleation and wall motion [41,42].…”

supporting

confidence: 56%

Preparation and characterisation of epitaxial Pt/Cu/FeMn/Co thin films on (100)‐oriented MgO single crystals

Schmidt

Gräfe

Audehm

et al. 2015

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.FeMn/Co thin-films, a purely metallic exchange-bias system, were prepared on (100)-oriented MgO single crystals. The layers were grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). The crystalline and magnetic properties could be tuned by using sputtered Pt buffer layers deposited at variable temperatures. A transition of the crystalline orientation from (111)-terminated layers at lower deposition temperatures to (100)-terminated layers at temperatures higher than 950 K was established and the impact on the magnetic sample properties was investigated. Here, the detailed sample preparation process is shown together with low energy electron diffraction (LEED), medium energy electron diffraction (MEED), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements revealing the samples structure and composition. The crystalline orientation of Pt was imprinted to the magnetic layer stack and clearly influenced the exchangebias (EB) and coercive field (H C ) as shown by superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) and magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) measurements. Furthermore, a correlation between the crystallite size and the temperature dependent magnetic properties could be identified.

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supporting

confidence: 56%

Preparation and characterisation of epitaxial Pt/Cu/FeMn/Co thin films on (100)‐oriented MgO single crystals

Schmidt

Gräfe

Audehm

et al. 2015

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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“…Time-resolved scanning transmission x-ray microscopy (TR-STXM) is a technique that is able to meet these requirements [26][27][28] . Magnetic phenomena can be routinely studied with spatial and stroboscopic temporal resolutions down to 20 nm and 50 ps respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoscale X-ray imaging of spin dynamics in yttrium iron garnet

Förster

Wintz

Bailey

et al. 2019

Journal of Applied Physics

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Time-resolved scanning transmission x-ray microscopy (TR-STXM) has been used for the direct imaging of spin wave dynamics in thin film yttrium iron garnet (YIG) with spatial resolution in the sub 100 nm range. Application of this x-ray transmission technique to single crystalline garnet films was achieved by extracting a lamella (13x5x0.185 µm 3 ) of liquid phase epitaxy grown YIG thin film out of a gadolinium gallium garnet substrate. Spin waves in the sample were measured along the Damon-Eshbach and backward volume directions of propagation at gigahertz frequencies and with wavelengths in a range between 100 nm and 10 µm. The results were compared to theoretical models. Here, the widely used approximate dispersion equation for dipole-exchange spin waves proved to be insufficient for describing the observed Damon-Eshbach type modes. For achieving an accurate description, we made use of the full analytical theory taking mode-hybridization effects into account.

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“…By this geometry, we are able to analyse the (de)lithiation mechanism along the (010) direction. The thickness of the sample is chosen to secure the stability of the structure and to provide a high transparency for X-rays in the 700-eV range using for the in situ characterization the MPI-IS UHV-STXM endstation 'MAXYMUS' at the UE46-PGM2 undulator beamline at the Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin for Materials and Energy/BESSY II 34 . Between preparation and characterization the sample is kept in Ar atmosphere.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase evolution in single-crystalline LiFePO4 followed by in situ scanning X-ray microscopy of a micrometre-sized battery

et al. 2015

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LiFePO 4 is one of the most frequently studied positive electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries during the last years. Nevertheless, there is still an extensive debate on the mechanism of phase transformation. On the one hand this is due to the small energetic differences involved and hence the great sensitivity with respect to parameters such as size and morphology. On the other hand this is due to the lack of in situ observations with appreciable space and time resolution. Here we present scanning transmission X-ray microscopy measurements following in situ the phase boundary propagation within a LiFePO 4 single crystal along the (010) orientation during electrochemical lithiation/delithiation. We follow, on a battery-relevant timescale, the evolution of a two-phase-front on a micrometre scale with a lateral resolution of 30 nm and with minutes of time resolution. The growth pattern is found to be dominated by elastic effects rather than being transport-controlled.

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Note: Unique characterization possibilities in the ultra high vacuum scanning transmission x-ray microscope (UHV-STXM) “MAXYMUS” using a rotatable permanent magnetic field up to 0.22 T

Cited by 49 publications

References 24 publications

Preparation and characterisation of epitaxial Pt/Cu/FeMn/Co thin films on (100)‐oriented MgO single crystals

Preparation and characterisation of epitaxial Pt/Cu/FeMn/Co thin films on (100)‐oriented MgO single crystals

Nanoscale X-ray imaging of spin dynamics in yttrium iron garnet

Phase evolution in single-crystalline LiFePO4 followed by in situ scanning X-ray microscopy of a micrometre-sized battery

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