Notations for Two Weak A Variants: A(end) and A(el)

Sturgeon, P.; Moore, B.P.L.; Weiner, W.

doi:10.1159/000464928

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…The Afmn variant, however, has not been found to differ in a substantial way from published descriptions of the phenotype Aend [12,20,21,30,31], Originally stated to be nonagglutinable by anti-A or anti-A + B sera in the tube sedimentation technique, group Aend cells were later found to form microscopically demonstrable agglutinates with immune anti-A or anti-A + B sera from stimulated donors, if a tube centrifugation procedure was used. Group Aend persons secrete H but not A substance, as do the Finnish group A variant cases, and anti-Aj agglutinins are present in their sera.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…As anti-A + B sera do not produce strong macroscopic agglutination, Afinn variant is distinct from the Ax phenotype [6,8,28], The secretion of A substance with H substance is a property of the allelic Am variant [10,11,13,26,27], but in the salivas of group Afinn secretors only H substance has been found. There is no possibility of confusion with the Aei phenotype either [25,29,30]. Group Afmn cells are readily differentiated from group Aei by the presence of microscopic agglutinates that are never seen with the Aei phenotype.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Inherited Blood Group A Variant in the Finnish Population

Mohn¹,

Cunningham²,

Pirkola³

et al. 1973

Vox Sanguinis

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A variant of blood group A, provisionally designated Annn, that occurs in an overall frequency of approximately 1 in 6,000 in Finnish blood donors is described. Agglutination involving a very small number of erythrocytes was observable only microscopically, even with the most powerful immune anti-A sera. However, potent anti-A antibody eluates were produced from cells sensitized with both natural and immune anti-A or anti-A + B sera. Anti-Aj agglutinins were demonstrated in the sera of all cases, and the saliva of secretors contained H but no A substances. Comparative examinations and previously published descriptions of other established variants clearly indicated that this was not identical with the A(bantu) A(m), A(x), or A(e1) phenotypes. These properties are similar to those reported for group A(end) except for enzyme pretreatment effecting macro- scopically visible agglutination of A(finn) cells.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Inherited Blood Group A Variant in the Finnish Population

Mohn¹,

Cunningham²,

Pirkola³

et al. 1973

Vox Sanguinis

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“…Среди вариантов слабого антигена А выделен ан тиген А el [10,11]. Возникновение антигена А el обуслов лено вставкой гуанина в экзоне 7 в позициях нуклеоти дов 798-804, что приводит к сдвигу в рамке считывания.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Molecular serological characteristics of ABO system A antigen

et al. 2021

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Background. One of the polymorphic antigens in the ABO system is antigen A, which includes many allelic variants with different expression. Immunological methods for determining the blood group of the ABO system have limitations in their use, including due to the presence of weekly expressed antigens in humans. For the correct determination of blood group according to the ABO system, genetic typing is becoming increasingly important. 89 alleles of the ABO*A gene are known. Knowledge of ABO*A gene polymorphisms and their prevalence contributes to the prevention of errors in determining the blood group of donors and recipients.Objective: to describe variants of ABO*A gene alleles in Russians and serological characteristics of the antigens encoded by them.Materials and methods. The blood of 14,000 people was examined. The blood group was determined using anti-A, anti- Aweak, anti-B, lectin (anti-A1) and gel cards. A molecular study of ABO*A gene polymorphisms was conducted in 151 people. Polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers and direct Sanger sequencing were used.Results. 7 different ABO*A alleles were detected, including the ABO*A1.01 and ABO*A1.02 alleles. In 118 individuals with a weak A antigen, the ABO*A2.01 allele was the most frequent (87.29 %). Rare alleles ABO*A2.06 (5.93 %), ABO*AW.06 (4.23 %), ABO*A2.09 (0.85 %) and ABO*Ax (1.70 %) were found. Serological characteristics of A antigens variants depending on genotypes are described, variants A1, A2, A3 and very weak A were detected. Extraagglutinins α1 were absent in all persons with weakened A antigen.Conclusion. Small or mixed agglutination with Coliclones or red blood cell stratification in the gel suggest the presence of antigen A with weakened expression. Modern molecular methods make it possible to identify rare gene alleles and genotypes. Erythrocyte genomics helps to resolve the ambiguity of the serological results allows understanding the true mechanisms of particular phenotype formation and makes a contribution to ensuring the immunological safety of blood components transfusions.

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“…Am에서 m은 원숭이(lower monkeys)에서 유래 하였는데, Am 혈액형인 적혈구의 응집 소견이 원 숭이 적혈구의 응집 소견이 비슷해서 따왔다고 한 다 [12]. Aend는 Aend 표현형을 보이는 발단자(propositus)의 이름에서 따왔다 [13].…”

Section: 서 론unclassified

Origins of the Names of Blood Groups

Park

2023

Korean J Blood Transfus

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Since the discovery of the ABO blood group in 1900, many different blood groups have been identified. These have led to safer blood transfusions and organ transplantation, and the prevention of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn. Meanwhile, blood group names have become rigid terms that simply convey information. By reviewing the origins of blood group names, I hope to understand the process of their discovery and gain a deeper insight into blood groups.

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Notations for Two Weak A Variants: A(end) and A(el)

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

An Inherited Blood Group A Variant in the Finnish Population

An Inherited Blood Group A Variant in the Finnish Population

Molecular serological characteristics of ABO system A antigen

Origins of the Names of Blood Groups

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