Not your grandpa's cultivars: the new conservation releases

Kujawski, Jennifer; Ogle, Dan

doi:10.1353/npj.2005.0025

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Managed “natural” ecosystems also benefit from plant breeding. The US Department of Agriculture's (USDA's) Natural Resources Conservation Service Plant Materials Centers (http://plant-materials.nrcs.usda.gov/) have a long history of breeding and selecting material for conservation and erosion‐control plantings (Kujawski and Ogle 2005). The USDA Forest Service has programs investigating disease resistance to both natural and introduced diseases and pests, in an effort to maintain productivity and species diversity in the nation's forests.…”

Section: Breeding Plants To Improve the Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant breeding for harmony between agriculture and the environment

Brummer

Barber

Collier

et al. 2011

Frontiers in Ecol & Environ

136

100

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Plant breeding programs primarily focus on improving a crop's environmental adaptability and biotic stress tolerance in order to increase yield. Crop improvements made since the 1950s – coupled with inexpensive agronomic inputs, such as fertilizers, pesticides, and water – have allowed agricultural production to keep pace with human population growth. Plant breeders, particularly those at public institutions, have an interest in reducing agriculture's negative impacts and improving the natural environment to provide or maintain ecosystem services (eg clean soil, water, and air; carbon sequestration), and in creating new agricultural paradigms (eg perennial polycultures). Here, we discuss recent developments in, as well as the goals of, plant breeding, and explain how these may be connected to the specific interests of ecologists and naturalists. Plant breeding can be a powerful tool to bring “harmony” between agriculture and the environment, but partnerships between plant breeders, ecologists, urban planners, and policy makers are needed to make this a reality.

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Section: Breeding Plants To Improve the Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant breeding for harmony between agriculture and the environment

Brummer

Barber

Collier

et al. 2011

Frontiers in Ecol & Environ

136

100

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“…Wild populations and improved cultivars of native grasses accommodate the growing demand for native species in ecosystem restoration [16] . Many native perennial grasses are available for shrub-steppe ecosystems of western North America, including fast-growing squirreltail (Elymus multisetus), moderate-growing Snake River wheatgrass (Elymus wawawaiensis) and slow-growing bluebunch wheatgrass (Pseudoroegneria spicata).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional trait differences between native bunchgrasses and the invasive grass Bromus tectorum

He¹,

Monaco²,

Jones³

2018

Front. Agr. Sci. Eng.

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We conducted 30-and 60-d greenhouse experiments to compare functional traits of Bromus tectorum (invasive annual grass) and four perennial bunchgrasses under well-watered or drought conditions. Even under drought, B. tectorum experienced significantly less stress (i.e., higher xylem pressure potential and greater shoot water content, water use per day and water-use efficiency) and biomass production than the perennial grasses after 30 d. However, after 60 d, its superiority was reduced under infrequent watering. Differences among perennial grasses were more pronounced for physiological traits under infrequent watering and for morphological traits under frequent watering. Elymus multisetus (fastgrowing species) had a higher transpiration rate, lower leaf temperature, and lower water-use efficiency than the other grasses after 30 d. In contrast, Pseudoroegneria spicata (slow-growing) had lower xylem pressure potential and higher leaf temperature than all other grasses under infrequent watering. Under frequent watering, shoot dry mass and specific leaf area of B. tectorum was matched by Elymus wawawaiensis (moderate-growing species). Our results indicate that multiple-species plantings or seedings are necessary to foster greater weed resistance against B. tectorum. We also emphasize that when choosing plant material for restoration, performance during both pulse (resource-rich) and inter-pulse (resource-poor) periods should be considered.

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Not your grandpa's cultivars: the new conservation releases

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Plant breeding for harmony between agriculture and the environment

Plant breeding for harmony between agriculture and the environment

Functional trait differences between native bunchgrasses and the invasive grass Bromus tectorum

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