Not only oxidized <i>R</i>‐(+)‐ but also <i>S</i>‐(−)‐limonene is a common cause of contact allergy in dermatitis patients in Europe

Matura, Mihály; Sköld, Maria; Börje, Anna; Andersen, Klaus Ejner; Bruze, M.; Frosch, Peter J.; Goossens, An; Johansen, Jeanne Duus; Svedman, Cecilia; White, Ian R.; Karlberg, Ann‐Therése

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.2006.00939.x

Cited by 69 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…U 49 osób zaobserwowano reakcję alergiczną, spośród których w 57% przypadków zaobserwowano uczulenie zarówno na utlenioną formę izomeru S i R. Reakcję tylko na utlenione formy R-limonenu wykazało 27% osób, u których wystąpiła reakcja alergiczna, a 16% tylko na produkty utlenienia S-limonenu. U 2,3% badanych z grupy liczącej 1812 wystąpiła reakcja alergiczna na utlenione formy R-limonenu, a u 2% na produkty utlenienia S-limonenu [4].…”

Section: Bezpieczeństwo Stosowania Limonenu W Badaniach Na Ludziachunclassified

“…Jej dłuższe doustne przyjmowanie powoduje dolegliwości od strony układu Mieszanina utlenionych form izomerów limonenu składa się z kilku produktów, spośród których właściwości alergizujące mają: nadtlenki limonenu, 1,2-epoksylimonen, a także karwon. Spośród tych związków największe właściwości alergizujące wykazują nadtlenki [4].…”

Section: Limonen Jako Substancja Wspomagająca Wchłanianie Lekówunclassified

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Lecznicze zastosowania limonenu

Retajczyk

Wróblewska

2018

Pomeranian J Life Sci

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Introduction: Limonene is a monoterpene compound which in nature occurs in the form of two isomers, R and S. From these two isomers, particular attention is now given to R-(+)-limonene, mainly because it can easily be obtained from cheap and renewable raw materials (waste orange peel) and the numerous and varied uses of this compound in medicine, cosmetics and perfumery. Materials and methods:This review article describes the use of limonene. Particular emphasis was put on describing the uses of this compound in medicine. Literature data show that limonene in many cases has a therapeutic effect. The article also draws attention to the safety of limonene applications, proven in the reported experiments on humans and animals. The study also describes the metabolism of limonene in the human body, as well as studies on the allergenic effects of limonene's oxidation products, both S and R isomers. These studies highlight the importance of limonene peroxides, which have the strongest allergenic properties. In addition, studies on the antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antifungal effects of limonene are presented. This article also describes the effect of Ras protein in the body of a healthy person, shows its association with carcinogenesis, and presents studies in which limonene acts as an anti-cancer agent, e.g. by inhibiting the prenylation of this protein. This work provides information on limonene-induced phases I and II of carcinogen metabolism catalysed by cytochrome P450. Studies show that limonene is an active compound both in therapy and in cancer prevention. Various uses of limonene have been studied so far, including the treatment of heartburn and gallstones, and also as a component of a topical gel for rheumatoid arthritis. Results and conclusions:Limonene is a compound that can easily be extracted from waste, which is an obvious advantage in its application. Disadvantages in the use of limonene are the allergenic properties of its oxidation products. This review shows the numerous applications of limonene in medicine and indicates reasons for further research on this compound. One of the most important directions could be research on preventing the oxidation processes of this compound. Keywords: limonene; monoterpenes; gallstones; antitumour activity; antibacterial properties; allergies. ABSTRAKT Wstęp: Limonen jest monoterpenem, który w przyrodzie wystę-puje w formie dwóch izomerów R i S. Z tych dwóch izomerów szczególną uwagę zwraca się obecnie na R-(+)-limonen, głównie ze względu na łatwość jego pozyskania z tanich i odnawialnych surowców naturalnych (odpadowe skórki pomarańczy) oraz bardzo liczne i różnorodne zastosowania, m.in. w medycynie, kosmetyce i przemyśle perfumeryjnym. Materiały i metody: Artykuł jest pracą przeglądową, w której omówiono zastosowania limonenu, przy czym duży nacisk został położony na opisanie zastosowań tego związku w medycynie. Z danych literaturowych wynika, że limonen w wielu przypadkach wykazuje działanie lecznicze. W artykule zwrócono także uwagę na bezpieczeńs...

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Section: Bezpieczeństwo Stosowania Limonenu W Badaniach Na Ludziachunclassified

Section: Limonen Jako Substancja Wspomagająca Wchłanianie Lekówunclassified

Lecznicze zastosowania limonenu

Retajczyk

Wróblewska

2018

Pomeranian J Life Sci

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“…Limonene is used in many consumer products but is also known as an allergen (Matura et al, 2006), in particular in its oxidized form (Karlberg et al, 1991, as cited in WHO, 1998). Limonene has also been recognized as an indoor pollutant associated with immune modulations with suppression of both IL-4 and IFN-γ production suggesting immunosuppression without clear pro-or antiallergic effect (Lehmann et al, 2001).…”

Section: Allergenicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the evaluation of the substances currently on the list in the annex to Commission Directive 96/3/EC as acceptable previous cargoes for edible fats and oils - Part II of III

2012

EFSA Journal

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Shipping of edible fats and oils into Europe is permitted in bulk tanks, in which substances, included in a positive list, had been previously transported. The European Commission requested EFSA to evaluate the list of substances in the Annex to Commission Directive 96/3/EC as acceptable previous cargoes for edible fats and oils, taking into account its review of the Scientific Committee on Food (SCF) criteria for acceptable previous cargoes and criteria proposed by the Codex Committee for Fats and Oils. This is the second of three scientific opinions by the Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM Panel), in which thirty-five of these substances or groups of substances have been evaluated. The CONTAM Panel concluded that fatty acids, fatty alcohols, fatty alcohol blends, fatty acid methyl esters, fatty acid esters, and animal, marine and vegetable and hydrogenated oils and fats, all as specified, and acid oils and fatty acid distillates, acetic acid, sulphuric acid, formic acid, acetic anhydride, acetone, n-heptane, n-hexane, cyclohexane, pentane, iso-propanol, propyl alcohol, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl ethyl ketone, n-propyl acetate, ammonium hydroxide, limonene, methyl tertbutyl ether, urea ammonia nitrate solution, calcium chloride solution, magnesium chloride solution, potable water, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, silicon dioxide, sorbitol, molasses and beeswax would not be of health concern as previous cargoes. However, because of its insolubility in water and high melting point, silicon dioxide is not suitable for transport in tankers for edible fats and oils. There was insufficient information available on the composition of wine lees for the CONTAM Panel to conclude that it would not be of health concern when used as a previous cargo. The CONTAM Panel made several recommendations regarding the way in which the substances are described in the Annex to Commission Directive 96/3/EC, to correct inaccuracies and to better reflect current transport practices. for the preparatory work on this scientific opinion and the hearing expert John Hancock, and EFSA staff: Gina Cioacata and Luisa Ramos Bordajandi for the support provided to this scientific opinion. 4 Corrections have been made to Section 3.3.3 and to Section Conclusions (page 107, second bullet) for the entry on -Fatty alcohols (individually specified)‖ to list enanthyl alcohol (1-heptanol) and nonyl alcohol (1-nonanol) that due to an omission were not listed. The changes do not affect the overall conclusions of the opinion. To avoid confusion, the original version of the opinion has been removed from the website, but is available on request, as is a version showing all the changes made. Re-evaluation of acceptable previous cargoes for edible fats and oils -Part II of III EFSA Journal 2012;10(5):2703 2 © European Food Safety Authority, 2012 KEY WORDS Acceptable previous cargo, edible fats and oils, sea transport, criteria for acceptability of previous cargoes Re-evaluation of acceptable previous cargoes for edible fats and oils -Part I...

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“…Oxidized limonene was found to elicit positive patch test reactions in 2.6% of dermatitis patients in a European study, leading to the suggestion to screen dermatitis patients with oxidized limonene [40]. Modified colophonium derivatives like glyceryl rosinate should be considered as a cause of allergic contact dermatitis in cases suggestive of colophonium-related reactions and negative colophonium tests [41].…”

Section: Fragrancesmentioning

confidence: 99%