Not by accident: An analytical approach to traffic crash harm reduction

Corsaro, Nicholas; Gerard, Daniel W.; Engel, Robin S.; Eck, John E.

doi:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2012.08.003

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 61 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…Traffic violations are considered to be indices of disorder, social incivility, and disregard for social norms (Giacopassi & Forde, 2000). Traffic crashes reflect a greater set of problems that plague communities and require proactive and preventative strategies in an order to reduce community exposure to harm (Corsaro et al, 2012). Moreover, there is promising evidence to support the use of hotspots policing (Braga et al, 2014) and directed patrols (McGarrell et al, 2001;Sampson & Cohen, 1988) to reduce crime and disorder in problem places.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another example may be that surface streets around popular entertainment zones, such as bars, create traffic funnels where persons under the influence must navigate. Despite seven guides published by the Center for Problem-Oriented Policing to focus on problem-solving for traffic issues, a review of the literature reveals only a single study (Corsaro et al, 2012) that evaluates this approach. This lack of scholarly evidence is consistent with Weisburd et al's (2010) systematic review of problem-oriented policing (POP) in which few evaluations of POP employed rigorous methods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite a growing evidence-base focused on temporal and geospatial policing in criminology and criminal justice, examinations of vehicle crash and other traffic-related offenses remain sparse and underdeveloped. Much of the work in this area has been generated by scholars in urban public health policy and demonstrates substantive promise (Corsaro et al, 2012). For these reasons, and those we articulate below, it appears evident that criminologist should devote additional attention to this line of research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, a further understanding of traffic-related problems and crime may lend additional insights to better comprehend criminal behavior, focused deterrence, and crime prevention strategies. Corsaro, Gerard, Engel, and Eck (2012) note, That the police are largely responsible for addressing both sets of problems [crime and crashes] creates research opportunities for academics who are routinely involved with policing. They should do more to take advantage of this set of circumstances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Spatiotemporal Convergence of Crime and Vehicle Crash Hotspots: Additional Consideration for Policing Places

Carter

Piza

2017

Crime & Delinquency

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Policing strategies that seek to simultaneously combat crime and vehicle crashes operate under the assumption that these two problems have a corollary relationship; an assumption that has received scant empirical attention and is the focus of the present study. Data were geocoded vehicle crash, violent crime, and property crime totals across Indianapolis census blocks over a 36-month period (2011-2013). Time series negative binomial regression and local indicators of spatial autocorrelation analyses were employed. Results indicate that both violent and property crime are significantly related to vehicle crash counts, both overall and during the temporal confines of patrol tours. Relationship strength was modest. Spatiotemporal analysis of crime and crash data can identify places for police intervention and improved scholarly evaluation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Spatiotemporal Convergence of Crime and Vehicle Crash Hotspots: Additional Consideration for Policing Places

Carter

Piza

2017

Crime & Delinquency

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“…Furthermore, as suggested in the literature, automated vehicles (AVs) and big data applications have the potential to improve road safety in these aspects ( Haque et al, 2021 , Lee et al, 2021 , Lian et al, 2020 ). For example, the Cincinnati crash analysis reduction strategy (CARS) is a big data-oriented approach designed to identify dangerous crash hotspot locations, unravel the persistent crash contributing factors, and provide flexibility to explore strategies to reduce traffic crash harms ( Corsaro et al, 2012 ).…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crash harm before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence for spatial heterogeneity in Tennessee

Patwary

Khattak

2023

Accident Analysis & Prevention

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Hot spots policing of small geographic areas effects on crime

Braga

Turchan

Papachristos

et al. 2019

Campbell Systematic Reviews

115

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Background In recent years, crime scholars and practitioners have pointed to the potential benefits of focusing crime prevention efforts on crime places. A number of studies suggest that there is significant clustering of crime in small places, or “hot spots,” that generate half of all criminal events. Researchers have argued that many crime problems can be reduced more efficiently if police officers focused their attention to these deviant places. The appeal of focusing limited resources on a small number of high‐activity crime places is straightforward. If crime can be prevented at these hot spots, then citywide crime totals could be reduced. Objectives To assess the effects of focused police crime prevention interventions at crime hot spots. The review also examined whether focused police actions at specific locations result in crime displacement (i.e., crime moving around the corner) or diffusion (i.e., crime reduction in surrounding areas) of crime control benefits. Search Methods A keyword search was performed on 15 abstract databases. Bibliographies of past narrative and empirical reviews of literature that examined the effectiveness of police crime control programs were reviewed and forward searches for works that cited seminal hot spots policing studies were performed. Bibliographies of past completed Campbell systematic reviews of police crime prevention efforts were reviewed and hand searches of leading journals in the field were completed. Experts in the field were consulted and relevant citations were obtained. Selection Criteria To be eligible for this review, interventions used to control crime hot spots were limited to police‐led prevention efforts. Suitable police‐led crime prevention efforts included traditional tactics such as directed patrol and heightened levels of traffic enforcement as well as alternative strategies such as aggressive disorder enforcement and problem‐oriented policing. Studies that used randomized controlled experimental or quasiexperimental designs were selected. The units of analysis were limited to crime hot spots or high‐activity crime “places” rather than larger areas such as neighborhoods. The control group in each study received routine levels of traditional police crime prevention tactics. Data Collection and Analysis Sixty‐five studies containing 78 tests of hot spots policing interventions were identified and full narratives of these studies were reported. Twenty‐seven of the selected studies used randomized experimental designs and 38 used quasiexperimental designs. A formal meta‐analysis was conducted to determine the crime prevention effects in the eligible studies. Random effects models were used to calculate mean effect sizes. Results Sixty‐two of 78 tests of hot spots policing interventions reported noteworthy crime and disorder reductions. The meta‐analysis of key reported outcome measures revealed a small statistically significant mean effect size favoring the effects of hot spots policing in reducing crime outcomes at treatment places relative to...

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Not by accident: An analytical approach to traffic crash harm reduction

Cited by 12 publications

References 61 publications

Spatiotemporal Convergence of Crime and Vehicle Crash Hotspots: Additional Consideration for Policing Places

Spatiotemporal Convergence of Crime and Vehicle Crash Hotspots: Additional Consideration for Policing Places

Crash harm before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence for spatial heterogeneity in Tennessee

Hot spots policing of small geographic areas effects on crime

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