Not all germ cells are created equal: Aspects of sexual dimorphism in mammalian meiosis

Morelli, Meisha A.; Cohen, Paula E.

doi:10.1530/rep.1.00865

Cited by 199 publications

(177 citation statements)

References 141 publications

(147 reference statements)

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“…Indeed, rough mapping indicates that the isa gene is located on LG6 and the imo gene on LG24. Although this meiotic arrest phenotype is similar to other meiotic mutants reported previously (reviewed in Morelli and Cohen, 2005), an obvious difference is the cell type-specific apoptotic activity in the testicular somatic cells.…”

Section: Mutations In Leptotene Spermatocytes That Affect Meiotic Prosupporting

confidence: 89%

“…In addition, mutations in components of SC and cohesion core formation lead to a similar phenotype (Bannister et al, 2004;Kolas et al, 2004;Yuan et al, 2000). Most mutations in meiotic genes appear to cause a similar phenotype in which spermatocytes fail to progress past the zygotene stages (reviewed in Morelli and Cohen, 2005). This may indicate that it is difficult to isolate novel phenotypes among meiotic gene mutants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isolation and cytogenetic characterization of zebrafish meiotic prophase I mutants

Saito

Siegfried

Nüsslein‐Volhard

et al. 2011

Developmental Dynamics

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We describe here the isolation and cytogenetic characterization of three meiotic prophase I mutants, denoted ietsugu (its), iesada (isa), and iemochi (imo), isolated by a novel N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea mutagenesis screen for adult zebrafish gonadogenesis. Histological examination and flow cytometry analysis of testes from these mutants showed that each contained neither spermatids nor sperm. Staining for Sycp3 and cleaved Caspase-3 and TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridinetriphosphate nick end-labeling) assay further revealed that its had defects at the onset of meiosis, and that isa and imo spermatocytes failed to progress past the zygotene stage with apoptosis occurring in the testicular somatic cells. Staining for phosphorylated histone H2AX showed that foci formation in leptotene spermatocytes was disrupted in isa and imo. Furthermore, in vitro differentiation experiments revealed the possibility that the defects and sterility associated with mutations were germ line autonomous. Our results thus indicate that each responsible gene is necessary for meiotic progression during spermatogenesis and for male fertility.

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Section: Mutations In Leptotene Spermatocytes That Affect Meiotic Prosupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and cytogenetic characterization of zebrafish meiotic prophase I mutants

Saito

Siegfried

Nüsslein‐Volhard

et al. 2011

Developmental Dynamics

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“…More intriguing are the quantitative differences between males and females, known as heterochiasmy, which are found in many taxa, but whose mechanistic and evolutionary drivers are not yet fully understood. A number of explanations have been proposed, relating to mechanistic factors such as differences in chromatin structure [167][168][169], sexual dimorphism in the action of loci associated with CO rate (e.g. RNF212, [127,128,148]), and evolutionarily widespread processes such as sperm competition, sexual dimorphism and dispersal [162,170,171].…”

Section: (C) Differences In Recombination Rates Between the Sexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary mysteries in meiosis

Lenormand

Engelstädter

Johnston

et al. 2016

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

130

133

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One contribution of 15 to a theme issue 'Weird sex: the underappreciated diversity of sexual reproduction'. Meiosis is a key event of sexual life cycles in eukaryotes. Its mechanistic details have been uncovered in several model organisms, and most of its essential features have received various and often contradictory evolutionary interpretations. In this perspective, we present an overview of these often 'weird' features. We discuss the origin of meiosis (origin of ploidy reduction and recombination, two-step meiosis), its secondary modifications (in polyploids or asexuals, inverted meiosis), its importance in punctuating life cycles (meiotic arrests, epigenetic resetting, meiotic asymmetry, meiotic fairness) and features associated with recombination (disjunction constraints, heterochiasmy, crossover interference and hotspots). We present the various evolutionary scenarios and selective pressures that have been proposed to account for these features, and we highlight that their evolutionary significance often remains largely mysterious. Resolving these mysteries will likely provide decisive steps towards understanding why sex and recombination are found in the majority of eukaryotes.This article is part of the themed issue 'Weird sex: the underappreciated diversity of sexual reproduction'.

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“…In mouse, sexually distinct germ cell characters were demonstrated using several meiosis mutants 36. During meiosis, checkpoints at early meiotic prophase I, such as the double strand break and the synaptonemal complex (SC) formation, interrupt the progression of meiosis.…”

Section: Expected Timing Of Sexual Fate Decision Of Germ Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Germline stem cells are critical for sexual fate decision of germ cells

Tanaka

2016

BioEssays

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Egg or sperm? The mechanism of sexual fate decision in germ cells has been a long‐standing issue in biology. A recent analysis identified foxl3 as a gene that determines the sexual fate decision of germ cells in the teleost fish, medaka. foxl3/Foxl3 acts in female germline stem cells to repress commitment into male fate (spermatogenesis), indicating that the presence of mitotic germ cells in the female is critical for continuous sexual fate decision of germ cells in medaka gonads. Interestingly, foxl3 is found in most vertebrate genomes except for mammals. This provides the interesting possibility that the sexual fate of germ cells in mammals is determined in a different way compared to foxl3‐possessing vertebrates. Considering the fact that germline stem cells are the cells where foxl3 begins to express and sexual fate decision initiates and mammalian ovary does not have typical germline stem cells, the mechanism in mammals may have been co‐evolved with germline stem cell loss in mammalian ovary.

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Not all germ cells are created equal: Aspects of sexual dimorphism in mammalian meiosis

Cited by 199 publications

References 141 publications

Isolation and cytogenetic characterization of zebrafish meiotic prophase I mutants

Isolation and cytogenetic characterization of zebrafish meiotic prophase I mutants

Evolutionary mysteries in meiosis

Germline stem cells are critical for sexual fate decision of germ cells

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