Not according to plan: Cognitive failures in marksmanship due to effects of expertise, unknown environments, and the likelihood of shooting unintended targets

Biggs, Adam T.; Hamilton, Joseph A.; Thompson, Andrew; Jensen, Andrew; Suss, Joel; Kelly, Karen R.; Markwald, Rachel R.

doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2023.104058

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 78 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…We lacked statistical significance for Decisions , Muzzle Position and Closed Eye(s) which might by disappointing from a statistical point of view but demonstrates the experience and expertise of our sample: In comparison to the results of Heusler and Sutter (2022) , the present participants’ performance for those variables was constantly near the performance maximum – even before receiving any training. After all, it is not surprising that experts perform better in shoot/do not decision-making scenarios than novices ( Tashman et al, 2006 ; Ward et al, 2007 ; Johnson et al, 2014 ; Heusler and Sutter, 2020b ) and show superior marksmanship ( Biggs et al, 2023 ). But experts are also reaching their limits: Nieuwenhuys et al (2015) showed that likewise experts were not able to overcome a robust effect of anxiety post-training.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

When failure is not an option: a police firearms training concept for improving decision-making in shoot/don’t shoot scenarios

Olma,

Sutter,

Sülzenbrück

2024

Front. Psychol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sometimes, policing requires a quick and correct assessment of potentially hazardous situations. The training of tactical gaze control and visual attention, and its positive impact on efficient shoot/don’t shoot decisions in police cadets’ use of firearms has recently been demonstrated. On this basis, we designed an individual videobased police firearms training that was grounded on the Four-Component Instructional Design Model (4C/ID). We shifted toward an individual blended learning approach where we applied an intervention training focused on situational awareness, tactical gaze control, and visual attention. In a preregistered lab experiment, N = 45 senior police officers were randomly allocated to the intervention training or an active control training that resembled a traditional police firearms training. Both groups watched a self-produced educational video before proceeding to the practical training in our indoor firing range. In a pre- and post-test, they engaged in realistic shoot/don’t shoot video scenarios. Both groups did very well regarding decision-making, the optimal muzzle position, and the tactical conduct to keep both eyes open before shooting. Although both groups performed on a comparable level in the pre-test’s shoot scenarios, the intervention group significantly improved their response times and time until the first hit. Overall, we were able to provide an adapted, didactically based police firearms training that supplements current standards. We demonstrated that experts are still susceptible to innovative training concepts and therefore substantiate the recommendation to devote more attention to approaches that emphasize the importance of situational awareness, tactical gaze control, and visual attention in police firearms training.

show abstract