Nostoc sphaeroids Kütz powder ameliorates diet-induced hyperlipidemia in C57BL/6j mice

Abstract

Background: Hypercholesterolemia is a disease associated with numerous health problems. Growing evidence indicates that hypercholesterolemia, hyperlipidemia is closely linked to chronic inflammation, which can lead to cardiovascular disease, fatty liver disease, and type 2 diabetes. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of Nostoc sphaeroids Kütz (NO) on diet-induced hyperlipidemia in mice. Design: At first, experimental animals received a high-fat diet (HFD) for 4 weeks, and then received a HFD supplemented with 2.5% or 7.5% NO for 6 weeks. In the current study, results show that treatment with NO decreases weight gain and liver index induced by HFD. In addition, the serum levels of TC, TG and LDL are significantly decreased in NO treatment groups. Results: From the results of Oil Red staining and Hematoxylin and eosin staining (HE), treatment with NO significantly reduces liver lipid accumulation and protect liver structure. Further analysis reveals that NO has positive effects on liver lipid metabolism and inflammation, as showed by the lower protein expressions of FAS and SREBP-1, the lower concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and the lower gene expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and NF-kB. Conclusions: Our results indicate that NO may significantly ameliorate diet-induced hyperlipidemia, which is possibly associated with improving liver lipid metabolism and reducing chronic inflammation.

Based on Network Pharmacology and RNA Sequencing Techniques to Explore the Molecular Mechanism of Huatan Jiangzhuo Decoction for Treating Hyperlipidemia

“…Hyperlipidemia is a chronic disorder generally caused by a long-term unbalanced diet, which is manifested pathologically with aberrant lipid accumulation and energy metabolism disruption [26][27][28]. In addition, it is considered that lipid accumulation, especially ectopic fat deposition, leads to insulin resistance, impairing the lipolytic function of insulin, generating an amount of free fatty acids, and eventually accelerating the occurrence of metabolic diseases [29][30][31].…”

Up-regulated microRNA-185-3p inhibits the development of hyperlipidemia in rats

“…TG and TC levels were measured at 510 nm, HDL-C and LDL-C at 546 nm. Other evaluation parameters were calculated as below: body fat ratio = the whole fat weight (g)/body weight (g) × 100%; liver index = wet liver weight (g)/body weight (g) × 100% [13].…”

“…The sections were observed under a light microscope (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan). The eligibility for lipid accumulation was analysed using the ImageJ software (Microsoft Corporation, WA, USA) [13].…”

“…Rat liver tissue was xed with 4% paraformaldehyde solution, dehydrated with gradient, embedded with para n, and sectioned into 4 µm slices. After staining with hematoxylin and eosin (Servicebio, Wuhan, China), the slices were observed under a light microscope (Olympus) [13].…”

Effects of Nostoc sphaeroids Kütz polysaccharide on renal fibrosis in high‐fat mice

“…In Chinese fields, they grow naturally in the winter as dark green globular colonies, known in China as “ Gexianmi ,” which is used in regions such as Europe and America as a food and herbal medicine to improve people's health. Nostoc sphaeroids Kütz is an effective lipid‐lowering, anti‐inflammatory, and anti‐oxidation functional food (Li et al., 2019 ; Wei et al., 2019 ). Nostoc sphaeroids Kütz contains rich proteins, amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, and other nutrients, among which the most important components are polysaccharide and protein.…”