Nosocomial Skin and Soft Tissue Pathogens in Eastern Russia: Relevance and Antimicrobial Resistance

Abstract

Background: Antibiotic resistance is an issue of concern to physicians, scientists and patients. It has an impact on the increase of morbidity, length of hospital stay and mortality of patients. There is also a correlation between the resistance of bacteria to antibiotics and their geographical location. Objective: Analysis of the prevalence of nosocomial skin and soft tissue infection pathogens and the rate of development of antimicrobial resistance in the Siberian and Far Eastern regions of Russia. Methods: Data on microbial antimicrobial susceptibility and prevalence of major genetic determinants of antimicrobial resistance were analyzed. The work was carried out on the basis of data from the AMRmap online platform. Comparison of indicators was based on samples obtained from adult surgical patients with infected skin and soft tissues throughout 2016-2020 in the Siberian and Far Eastern regions of Russia. Results: 5 microorganisms were identified in adult surgical patients with infected skin and soft tissues on the territory of the Siberian region and the Far Eastern region (Russia) in 2016-2020. They were Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii. The authors used the AMRmap online platform to study the sensitivity and resistance to various antibacterial drugs applied to the three most important pathogens in the regions. Conclusions: The results indicate a rapid spread of resistance genes in the studied strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, E. coli, Acinetobacter baumannii. Systems for monitoring resistance to antibacterial drugs by laboratory methods need to be improved. It is also necessary to create new databases and improve the existing ones. These will help to select the optimal drug treatment strategy for patients according to their resistance profile.