Nosocomial outbreak of Pantoea agglomerans in a pediatric urgent care center

This study assesses the nasal occurrence of β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae both in patients in a hospital department of infectious diseases at admission and in healthy Madagascan students and health care workers.Nasal swabs from 681 students, 824 health care workers, and 169 patients were obtained in Antananarivo, Madagascar, and transferred to Germany. Screening for β-lactamase (ESBL, ampC) producing Enterobacteriaceae was performed by cultural and molecular approaches, comprising Brilliance ESBL agar, E-testing, ABCD-testing, and commercial hyplex ESBL and SuperBug ID PCR.Regarding ESBL-positive strains and strains with resistance against at least three out of the four tested bactericidal antibiotic drugs, 0.3% (five out of 1541) of the students and health care workers group showed nasal colonization, whereas colonization was observed in 7.1% (12 out of 169) of the hospitalized patients at admission. No appreciably reduced detection rates after sample storage and intercontinental transport were observed.A considerable proportion of nasal colonization with cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae was demonstrated in Madagascan hospital patients at admission, posing a risk of developing future endogenous infections. The nasal colonization of healthy individuals was negligible. Good storage and transport stability of Enterobacteriaceae will allow for future studies even in areas difficult to access.

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“…Pantoea spp. have been infrequently isolated in Madagascar [3] and can be associated with human disease and nosocomial spread [22][23][24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of nasal colonization with β-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae in patients, health care workers and students in Madagascar

Micheel¹,

Hogan²,

Rakotoarivelo³

et al. 2015

European Journal of Microbiology and Immunology

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“…Now classified as an opportunistic human pathogen, P. agglomerans was implicated in US and Canadian outbreaks of septicaemia caused by contaminated closures on infusion fluid bottles [26]. P. agglomerans has since been associated in the contamination of intravenous fluid, parenteral nutrition, blood products, propofol, and transference tubes, causing illness and even death [27-31]. P. agglomerans has also been obtained from joint fluids of patients with synovitis, osteomyelitis, and arthritis [17], where infection often occurs following injuries with wood slivers, plant thorns, or wooden splinters [17,32-34].…”

Section: Plant Pathogens That Infect Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into Cross-Kingdom Plant Pathogenic Bacteria

Kirzinger

Nadarasah

Stavrinides

2011

Genes

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Plant and human pathogens have evolved disease factors to successfully exploit their respective hosts. Phytopathogens utilize specific determinants that help to breach reinforced cell walls and manipulate plant physiology to facilitate the disease process, while human pathogens use determinants for exploiting mammalian physiology and overcoming highly developed adaptive immune responses. Emerging research, however, has highlighted the ability of seemingly dedicated human pathogens to cause plant disease, and specialized plant pathogens to cause human disease. Such microbes represent interesting systems for studying the evolution of cross-kingdom pathogenicity, and the benefits and tradeoffs of exploiting multiple hosts with drastically different morphologies and physiologies. This review will explore cross-kingdom pathogenicity, where plants and humans are common hosts. We illustrate that while cross-kingdom pathogenicity appears to be maintained, the directionality of host association (plant to human, or human to plant) is difficult to determine. Cross-kingdom human pathogens, and their potential plant reservoirs, have important implications for the emergence of infectious diseases.

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“…All cases except one succumbed to death. The study by Bicudo et al 9 reported the predilection of this organism for the lungs. In this outbreak, all cases had multiorgan involvement including lung infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%