Nosocomial Infections and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Cancer Patients

Divatia, JV; Pulinilkunnathil, Jacob George; Myatra, Sheila Nainan

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-74588-6_125

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Among hospital-acquired infections, VAP is one of the serious health problems that result in a higher mortality and morbidity rate. 30 , 31 The findings of the present study showed that 62 (40.8%) had adequate knowledge regarding the VAP prevention guidelines. The overall mean score of knowledge level was 11.1 ± 2.4.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Performance Assessment of Medical Professionals in Prevention of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia in Intensive Care Units

Jalal¹,

Rajeh²,

Al-Abdulwahed³

2022

IJGM

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Purpose Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the most common infections in intensive care units (ICU) with a 6–52% incidence. The VAP mortality rate is 50% to 70%. Medical professionals (MPs) working in the ICU are expected to follow the guidelines to prevent VAP. The study aimed to assess the performance of MPs in preventing VAP and to associate the performance with the baseline information. Methods An observational cross-sectional study was conducted in the ICUs of selected hospitals in eastern Saudi Arabia. A total of 152 MPs were selected by random sampling. A structured questionnaire including baseline information, knowledge and performance-related questions was used to collect the data. Frequency, mean, and chi-square tests were used for analysis. Results Out of 152 MPs, 40.8% had adequate and 7.9% had inadequate knowledge. A high mean score of 12.9 ± 2.2 was obtained by physicians, followed by 11.3 ± 1.6 by nurses, 9.8 ± 2.2 by RTs, and 8.6 ± 2.1 by interns. Overall, 52.6% had satisfactory performance. Approximately 57.9% and 67.8% of MPs cleaned their hands before touching the patient and the ventilator, respectively. Many (79.6%) MPs used personal protective equipment in the ICU. Some (47.4%) of the MPs changed the patient’s position regularly. About 77.6% of MPs followed the sterile technique when suctioning the airway. There was a significant association found between the performance of MPs on the prevention of VAP with age ( p < 0.001), designation ( p < 0.05), professional experience ( p < 0.05), managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease conditions ( p < 0.05) and training attended ( p < 0.001). Conclusion Although some of the MPs had satisfactory performance regarding VAP prevention in the ICU, more attention should be paid to training them on clinical guidelines to improve health care quality and reduce the rate of VAP.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Performance Assessment of Medical Professionals in Prevention of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia in Intensive Care Units

Jalal¹,

Rajeh²,

Al-Abdulwahed³

2022

IJGM

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“…However, it is noteworthy that the extracted dye was found to be more susceptible to the Gram-negative bacterium P. aeruginosa, which is the most common nosocomial infection causing catheter-associated blood infections, ventilator-related pneumonia, and blood infections. 62 The obtained results are herein significant because Gram-negative bacteria have been developing resistance to conventional antibiotics all over the world. 63 The extracted plant dyes may exhibit a different mechanism to inhibit microbes when compared to those of the antibiotics and thus may have significant clinical value in treating drug resistant microbes.…”

Section: ■ Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Valorization of Agro-industrial Waste from Peanuts for Sustainable Natural Dye Production: Focus on Adsorption Mechanisms, Ultraviolet Protection, and Antimicrobial Properties of Dyed Wool Fabric

Rather

Zhou

Ali

et al. 2021

ACS Food Sci. Technol.

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A semiquantitative dye adsorption analysis of agro-industrial waste from peanuts (skins) on the wool fabric in conjunction with chlorophyll and tannin-rich biomordants was successfully carried out. The dye was extracted from the powdered peanut skins in 50% aqueous ethanol at various pHs, temperatures, concentrations, and times. Qualitative identification [ultraviolet (UV)−visible and Fourier transform infrared] and the thermal stability (thermogravimetric analysis and differential thermogravimetric analysis) of the extracted dye were determined. The extracted dye was subjected to the total phenolic and flavonoid content analysis, which was expressed in terms of gallic acid and catechin equivalents, respectively. The optimal dyeing conditions, dye adsorption (kinetic and isotherm parameters), and dye performances were also reported. The build-up properties and fastness characteristics were studied in the presence and absence of metal and biomordants using the corresponding ISO standards. Quercus infectoria bark, Punica granatum peel, Terminalia arjuna bark, and Sapium sebiferum and Cinnamomum camphora green leaf extracts were used as biomordants to alter the colorimetric and functional finishing properties of dyed fabric samples with ferrous sulfate (Fe 2+ ) and alum (Al 3+ ) as reference mordants. An optimized amount of peanut skin extract on wool fabric exhibited good antibacterial and UV-protective behaviors. Premordanting enhanced antibacterial properties, while postmordanting enhanced UV-protective properties. In particular, wool fabric with peanut skin dye exhibited diverse color variations (pre-and postmordanting with biomordants) and proved to have great potential for industrial applications as a source of natural biocolorant, as well as a valueadding application for the plant in addition to its normal use as a food.

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“…Other common risk factors that commonly contribute to the development of such infections are individual age, chronic diseases such as renal failure, malignant tumor, cancer 24 along with AIDS, low immune status, leukaemia, etc. In addition, therapeutic procedures, endoscopic examinations, ventilation, intubation, surgical procedures, and catheterizations are other causes of nosocomial infections.…”

Section: Causes Of Nosocomial Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nosocomial Infection and Antibiotic-Resistant Threat in the Middle East

Nimer¹

2022

IDR

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The prevalence of nosocomial infections (NIs) is associated with different bacteria found in hospitals. These infections in their extreme conditions result in morbidity and mortality. This study aims to provide a detailed review of literary studies to identify the prevalence of nosocomial infections and antibiotic-resistance specifically in Middle Eastern countries. A literature review approach is followed in this study. It further identifies different causes and effects associated with nosocomial infections in the given regions. Relevant studies were used to extract important information, specifically related to the Middle Eastern countries. The findings indicated that nosocomial infections following antibiotic resistance are an emerging problem in Middle Eastern countries, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. Most frequently reported NIs in Middle East in our review are bloodstream infections (BSIs) (50%) and surgical site infections (SSIs) (50%) followed by urinary tract infections (UTIs). Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species among gram-negative bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus among gram-positive bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Candida species are most reported pathogens involved in nosocomial infections and resistance to penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems and fluoroquinolones antibiotics were significantly reported. However, most studies showed minimum resistance of pathogens against drug colistin. To control the growth rate of the given condition, government officials are suggested to ensure that hospitals follow adequate healthcare mechanisms. Also, sufficient education must be provided to the hospital staff about the causes and effects of the given disease.

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Nosocomial Infections and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Cancer Patients

Abstract: Nosocomial infections or healthcare-acquired infections are a common cause of increased morbidity and mortality among hospitalized patients. Cancer patients are at an increased

Cited by 15 publications

References 78 publications

Performance Assessment of Medical Professionals in Prevention of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia in Intensive Care Units

Performance Assessment of Medical Professionals in Prevention of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia in Intensive Care Units

Valorization of Agro-industrial Waste from Peanuts for Sustainable Natural Dye Production: Focus on Adsorption Mechanisms, Ultraviolet Protection, and Antimicrobial Properties of Dyed Wool Fabric

Nosocomial Infection and Antibiotic-Resistant Threat in the Middle East

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