Nosocomial infection and its molecular mechanisms of antibiotic resistance

Background: Acinetobacter baumannii isolates resistant to fluoroquinolones, such as levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin are being increasingly developed every day. Objectives: In this study, ciprofloxacin resistance in A. baumannii isolates was determined by the presence or absence of efflux pump inhibitors, as the efflux pumps play an important role in the creation of ciprofloxacin resistance. Methods: One hundred and three Acinetobacter isolates were collected from ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and burn patients of Tehran hospitals, Iran, during six months of 2014. Susceptibility rates of the isolates to levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin antibiotics were assessed using the agar disk diffusion and broth microdilution. The effects of the efflux pump inhibitors including

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“…(1)(2)(3)(4). Bacteremia is caused by toxic shock in 25% to 30% of the cases and usually occurs due to disseminated intravascular coagulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Different Fluoroquinolone Mechanisms Among Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii in Tehran, Iran

Khayat

Sadeghifard

Pakzad

et al. 2017

Iran Red Crescent Med J

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“…UTI is second commonest cause of bacterial infection in Europe [9,10], and has financial implications, which are annually estimated to 1.6 billion US $ around the world [4,11,12]. A pre-test Urinary tract infection diagnosed clinically or on dipsticks was exclusion criteria for the test.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post Procedure Urinary Tract Infection after Urodynamic

Khan¹

2017

UNOAJ

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Introduction: Urodynamic pressure flow study is invasive investigation to assess lower urinary tract symptoms. We evaluated risk of UTI after the procedure. Patients and Methods:We conducted prospective evaluation of patients coming for urodynamic study. Patients with symptomatic and dipstick test positive UTI were excluded. Patients were assessed by post procedure MSU and symptom questionnaire.Results: Rate of infection was 5.6% with no significant relationship to other parameters. Conclusion:Data is comparable and routine antibiotics are not recommended.

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“…The main mediators recognized damaged lung tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interleukin 1 (IL-1), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin Relatively pneumonia, as a separate nosology, is enough publications that clearly confirm the production of interleukins, both locally and in the systemic circulation in response to lipopolysaccharide complexes microorganisms [3, 7, 18−20]. According to the scientists, determination of the level of interleukin has diagnostic value, because the concentration of cytokines in the blood adequately reflects the severity of inflammation [7,8,15,17]. However, to date there is no study of the diagnostic role of cytokines in nosocomial pneumonia against the background of TBI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years the role of cytokines as key mediators of inflammation is widely discussed [14,15]. The main mediators recognized damaged lung tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interleukin 1 (IL-1), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin Relatively pneumonia, as a separate nosology, is enough publications that clearly confirm the production of interleukins, both locally and in the systemic circulation in response to lipopolysaccharide complexes microorganisms [3, 7, 18−20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes of Interleukins in Patients With Nosocomial Pneumonia Against a Background of Traumatic Brain Injury: Role in the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Disease

Ilchenko

2017

EUREKA: Health Sciences

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Introduction. Nosocomial pneumonia (NP) is the second leading frequency and mortality among nosocomial infections. NP is a frequent complication of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). The difficulty in diagnosis and monitoring of disease NP on the background of TBI is that the usual signs NP "masked" manifestations of the underlying disease. The aim of our study was to improve the diagnosis and assess the effectiveness of the treatment of nosocomial pneumonia with clarithromycin by studying of serum interleukins in patients with nosocomial pneumonia on the background of traumatic brain injury. Materials and methods. We determined levels of TNFα, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10. We examined 45 patients with isolated TBI, 44 patients with NP (standard treatment scheme), 49 patients with NP, each therapy with clarithromycin. The control group was 33 relatively healthy people. Conclusions. The study revealed a significant increase in the concentration of interleukin TNFα, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 in the serum of patients with NP on the background of TBI compared with patients with isolated TBI and healthy individuals. Our study found significantly lower concentrations of interleukin TNFα, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 in the serum of patients after treatment with the addition of clarithromycin compared with patients with standard therapy.

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Nosocomial infection and its molecular mechanisms of antibiotic resistance

Cited by 82 publications

References 74 publications

Determination of Different Fluoroquinolone Mechanisms Among Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii in Tehran, Iran

Determination of Different Fluoroquinolone Mechanisms Among Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii in Tehran, Iran

Post Procedure Urinary Tract Infection after Urodynamic

Changes of Interleukins in Patients With Nosocomial Pneumonia Against a Background of Traumatic Brain Injury: Role in the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Disease

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