Nosocomial Bloodstream Infection and Clinical Sepsis

Hugonnet, Stéphane; Sax, Hugo; Eggimann, Philippe; Chevrolet, Jean-Claude; Pittet, Didier

doi:10.3201/eid1001.030407

Cited by 95 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Blood stream infection of these pathogen was potentially cause sepsis and septic shock. 12 The trend of increasing incidence of Gram positive nosocomial infection also showed in our surveillance. 13 Resistance of Gram negative bacteria to penicillin, co amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and 3 rd generation cephalosporin seems to be a major problem in the treatment of nosocomial infection.…”

Section: Inmentioning

confidence: 72%

Surveillance of nosocomial infections in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta, 1999-2002

Widodo¹,

Astrawinata²

2004

Med J Indones

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Section: Inmentioning

confidence: 72%

Surveillance of nosocomial infections in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta, 1999-2002

Widodo¹,

Astrawinata²

2004

Med J Indones

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“…No kind of inserted or implanted foreign body has ever failed to be colonized and infected by CoNS of the S. epidermidis group, with S. epidermidis as the leading causative organism ( Table 2). CoNS account for the majority of FBRIs in both temporarily and permanently implanted devices (99). FBRIs comprise local (e.g., exit site) and systemic infections.…”

Section: S Epidermidis Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci

2014

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SUMMARY The definition of the heterogeneous group of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) is still based on diagnostic procedures that fulfill the clinical need to differentiate between Staphylococcus aureus and those staphylococci classified historically as being less or nonpathogenic. Due to patient- and procedure-related changes, CoNS now represent one of the major nosocomial pathogens, with S. epidermidis and S. haemolyticus being the most significant species. They account substantially for foreign body-related infections and infections in preterm newborns. While S. saprophyticus has been associated with acute urethritis, S. lugdunensis has a unique status, in some aspects resembling S. aureus in causing infectious endocarditis. In addition to CoNS found as food-associated saprophytes, many other CoNS species colonize the skin and mucous membranes of humans and animals and are less frequently involved in clinically manifested infections. This blurred gradation in terms of pathogenicity is reflected by species- and strain-specific virulence factors and the development of different host-defending strategies. Clearly, CoNS possess fewer virulence properties than S. aureus , with a respectively different disease spectrum. In this regard, host susceptibility is much more important. Therapeutically, CoNS are challenging due to the large proportion of methicillin-resistant strains and increasing numbers of isolates with less susceptibility to glycopeptides.

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“…21 The aim of this study was recommends continuous surveillance for nosocomial BSI. 4 ' 9 to compare different strategies for implementing automated This surveillance provides useful data for identifying factors surveillance of nosocomial BSI.…”

Section: Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2007; 28:1030-1035mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the incidence rate of BSI can fections represent about 15% of all nosocomial infections. 4 be used as a marker either for the quality of hospital care Approximately 250,000 cases of nosocomial BSI occur anover time or for the impact of preventive measures. 10 " 16 Hownually in the United States.…”

Section: Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2007; 28:1030-1035mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Automated Strategies for Surveillance of Nosocomial Bacteremia

Bellini¹,

Petignat²,

Francioli³

et al. 2007

Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol.

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OBJECTIVE. Surveillance of nosocomial bloodstream infection (BSI) is recommended, but time-consuming. We explored strategies for automated surveillance.METHODS. Cohort study. We prospectively processed microbiological and administrative patient data with computerized algorithms to identify contaminated blood cultures, community-acquired BSI, and hospital-acquired BSI and used algorithms to classify the latter on the basis of whether it was a catheter-associated infection. We compared the automatic classification with an assessment (71% prospective) of clinical data.SETTING. An 850-bed university hospital.PARTICIPANTS. All adult patients admitted to general surgery, internal medicine, a medical intensive care unit, or a surgical intensive care unit over 3 years.RESULTS. The results of the automated surveillance were 95% concordant with those of classical surveillance based on the assessment of clinical data in distinguishing contamination, community-acquired BSI, and hospital-acquired BSI in a random sample of 100 cases of bacteremia. The two methods were 74% concordant in classifying 351 consecutive episodes of nosocomial BSI with respect to whether the BSI was catheter-associated. Prolonged episodes of BSI, mostly fungemia, that were counted multiple times and incorrect classification of BSI clinically imputable to catheter infection accounted for 81% of the misclassifications in automated surveillance. By counting episodes of fungemia only once per hospital stay and by considering all cases of coagulase-negative staphylococcal BSI to be catheter-related, we improved concordance with clinical assessment to 82%. With these adjustments, automated surveillance for detection of catheter-related BSI had a sensitivity of 78% and a specificity of 93%; for detection of other types of nosocomial BSI, the sensitivity was 98% and the specificity was 69%.

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Nosocomial Bloodstream Infection and Clinical Sepsis

Cited by 95 publications

References 34 publications

Surveillance of nosocomial infections in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta, 1999-2002

Surveillance of nosocomial infections in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta, 1999-2002

Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci

Comparison of Automated Strategies for Surveillance of Nosocomial Bacteremia

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