Norwogonin attenuates hypoxia-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in PC12 cells

Abstract

Background Norwogonin is a natural flavone with three phenolic hydroxyl groups in skeletal structure and has excellent antioxidant activity. However, the neuroprotective effect of norwogonin remains unclear. Here, we investigated the protective capacity of norwogonin against oxidative damage elicited by hypoxia in PC12 cells. Methods The cell viability and apoptosis were examined by MTT assay and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining, respectively. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) content was measured using DCFH-DA assay. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant enzyme levels were determined using commercial kits. The expression of related genes and proteins was measured by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Results We found that norwogonin alleviated hypoxia-induced injury in PC12 cells by increasing the cell viability, reducing LDH release, and ameliorating the changes of cell morphology. Norwogonin also acted as an antioxidant by scavenging ROS, reducing MDA production, maintaining the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and decreasing the expression levels of HIF-1α and VEGF. In addition, norwogonin prevented cell apoptosis via inhibiting the expression levels of caspase-3, cytochrome c and Bax, while increasing the expression levels of Bcl-2 and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax. Conclusions Norwogonin attenuates hypoxia-induced injury in PC12 cells by quenching ROS, maintaining the activities of antioxidant enzymes, and inhibiting mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.

Exploring the Mechanism of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi Efficacy against Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Analysis

“…Hypoxia induces EMT and increases migration and metastasis in OSCC [39,40]. And previous studies have articulated that norwogonin can attenuate hypoxia-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis [41]. erefore, these main components of SBG play an essential role in anti-OSCC, which is consistent with previous studies.…”

Revealing the Active Compounds and Mechanism of Banxia Xiexin Decoction Against Gastric Ulcer by Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking

“…The expression of the protective factor epidermal growth factor is upregulated, thereby promoting the repair of the gastric mucosa 20 . Norwogonin is an important flavonoid compound with antioxidant activity, which has the effects of antioxidative stress and inducing cell apoptosis, 21 and has been reported to reduce the levels of MDA and the inflammatory factors TNF-α, cyclooxygenase-2, and NO, which inhibited oxidative stress and inflammation, thereby reducing the degree of GU damage. 22 It was speculated that norwogonin may be an active compound in the treatment of GU.…”

5,7,8-trihydroxyflavone Has Anticancer and Apoptotic Effects in Human Androgen-Independet Prostate Cancer PC-3 Cells

“…Nor-wogonin has been reported to be a more effective apoptotic inducer than Wogonin in human leukemia HL-60 cells (Chow et al 2008). In another study, it was reported that Nor-wogonin had no toxic effect on rat PC-12 normal adrenal gland cells (Jing et al 2021). There are not enough studies in the literature with the cytotoxic activity of Nor-wogonin compared to Wogonin.…”