Norwegian Hydrogen Value Chain Demonstration Based on Decarbonized Natural Gas

Hamborg, Espen S.; Gulbrandsen, Tom Henrik; Steeneveldt, Rosetta; Svenes, Sigbjoern; Berggren, Helene; Kvarsvik, Susanne; Pettersen, Jostein

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3819993

Cited by 1 publication

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“…Due to higher energy density in hydrogen fuel cells, they can replace batteries in the storage of energy [19,29]. Norway projects that, in 2030, about 23% of total hydrogen in the country would be consumed in the transportation sector [4], where relevant industries can implement hydrogen fuel cells. Norway has already constructed factories to produce fuel cells to convert hydrogen to electricity.…”

Section: Hydrogen Economymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Norway is going to diminish its carbon emission by 40% by 2030 compared with emission in 1990, and this still needs to be decreased by 85-90% by 2050 according to the Paris agreement in 2015 [3]. Some companies in Norway, such as Equinor, aim to have zero carbon emission by 2050 [4], and it is projected that hydrogen will provide 24% of all energy needs in the world by this year. Although the amount of pure hydrogen is extremely small on Earth, fossil fuels and water have a large amount of hydrogen in their bonds [5], some of which could be released and used with the following advantages:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Superconductivity and Hydrogen Economy: A Roadmap to Synergy

2022

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Hydrogen as an energy carrier is a promising alternative to fossil fuels, and it becomes more and more popular in developed countries as a carbon-free fuel. The low boiling temperature of hydrogen (20 K or −253.15 °C) provides a unique opportunity to implement superconductors with a critical temperature above 20 K such as MgB2 or high-temperature superconductors. Superconductors increase efficiency and reduce the loss of energy, which could compensate for the high price of LH2 to some extent. Norway is one of the pioneer countries with adequate infrastructure for using liquid hydrogen in the industry, especially in marine technology where a superconducting propulsion system can make a remarkable impact on its economy. Using superconductors in the motor of a propulsion system can increase its efficiency from 95% to 98% when the motor operates at full power. The difference in efficiency is even greater when the motor does not work at full power. Here, we survey the applications of liquid hydrogen and superconductors and propose a realistic roadmap for their synergy, specifically for the Norwegian economy in the marine industry.

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Section: Hydrogen Economymentioning

confidence: 99%