Northern Parula (Setophaga americana)

Moldenhauer, Ralph R.; Regelski, Daniel J.

doi:10.2173/bna.norpar.02

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…, Sherry and Holmes ). Northern Parulas, on the other hand, tend to forage in winter by relatively stereotyped gleaning from inner branches (Moldenhauer and Regelski ), which is consistent with our result that this species had a narrower diet niche than the other four species. MacArthur (:617; see also Wunderle and Latta ) noted similar resource partitioning among five different, but congeneric ( Setophaga ), wood warblers, based largely on breeding season data, noting that “…there is every reason to believe that the birds behave in such a way as to be exposed to different kinds of food.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The simplest hypothesis to explain interspecific differences in diet, based on prey taxa in stomach samples (Fig. ), is that the warbler species in our study represent a spectrum from active search and pursuit of prey (especially American Redstarts) to more systematic searching for relatively sessile prey such as caterpillars (especially Northern Parulas; Moldenhauer and Regelski ). American Redstarts ate the most Dipterans and parasitic Hymenopterans, both of which tend to be strong fliers that probably require relatively adept aerobatic pursuit behavior, for which this bird species is well adapted morphologically (Bennett , Keast et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary opportunism, resource partitioning, and consumption of coffee berry borers by five species of migratory wood warblers (Parulidae) wintering in Jamaican shade coffee plantations

et al. 2016

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Diets reflect important ecological interactions, but are challenging to quantify for foliage‐gleaning birds. We used regurgitated stomach samples from five primarily insectivorous species of long‐distance migrant warblers (Parulidae) wintering in two moderate‐elevation shade coffee farms in Jamaica to assess both foraging opportunism and prey resource partitioning. Our results, based primarily on 6120 prey items in 80 stomach samples collected during a one‐week period in March 2000, confirm opportunism. The diets of all five warblers, including American Redstarts (Setophaga ruticilla), Black‐and‐White Warblers (Mniotilta varia), Black‐throated Blue Warblers (S. caerulescens), Northern Parulas (S. americana), and Prairie Warblers (S. discolor), overlapped strongly based on consumption of the same prey types, even many of the same prey species (4 of 10 interspecific overlaps >0.9, range = 0.74–0.97). Moreover, all five species fed on similarly small, often patchily distributed prey, including coffee berry borers (Hypothenemus hampei; Coleoptera, Curculionidae). Nonetheless, permutational multivariate analysis of variance also revealed that the diets of these species differed significantly, primarily with respect to prey mobility (winged vs. sessile); American Redstarts fed on the most mobile prey, and Northern Parulas on the least mobile prey and a relatively restricted set of prey taxa compared to the other four species of warblers. Overall, our results suggest both dietary opportunism consistent with a migratory life‐history, and interspecific resource partitioning consistent with differences in morphology and foraging behavior during a food‐limited season. Having provided evidence of the three necessary conditions, namely intraspecific competition, resource limitation, and interspecific overlap in resource use, the results of our study, in combination with those of other studies, also provide evidence of interspecific competition among wintering migrant insectivores. We thus argue that diffuse interspecific exploitative food competition may be more important than previously recognized.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary opportunism, resource partitioning, and consumption of coffee berry borers by five species of migratory wood warblers (Parulidae) wintering in Jamaican shade coffee plantations

et al. 2016

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“…core), and associations could have reflected relative availability. Despite this, area was important for northern bobwhite, red-headed woodpecker, northern parula, Swainson's warbler, prairie warbler, and hooded warbler, corroborating previous research [35][36][37]. There is evidence that white-eyed vireo is area-sensitive [36] although our models also indicated that scale and vegetation type influenced spatial metric relationships, and that edge may play a role in habitat for these species that often use shrub borders.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Birds and Land Classes in Young Forested Landscapes

Hanberry¹,

Hanberry²,

Demarais³

2013

TOOENIJ

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In the Mississippi Coastal Plain of the southeastern United States, we explored relationships among bird species and vegetation types and landscape characteristics at four different scales. We modeled abundance of priority avian species from Breeding Bird Surveys using land class metrics at 0.24, 1, 3, and 5-km extents. Our modeling method was logistic regression and model selection was based on Akaike’s Information Criteria and validation with reserved data. Northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus), red-headed woodpecker (Melanerpes erythrocephalus), northern parula (Parula americana), Swainson’s warbler (Limnothlypis swainsonii), prairie warbler (Dendroica discolor), hooded warbler (Wilsonia citrina), and brown-headed cowbird (Molothrus ater) had models containing positive area or core area variables. White-eyed vireo (Vireo griseus) and gray catbird (Dumetella carolinensis) had models with a combination of area and edge associations at different scales. Acadian flycatcher (Empidonax virescens), red-bellied woodpecker (Melanerpes carolinus), wood thrush (Hylocichla mustelina), and yellow-breasted chat (Icteria virens) had positive edge density models. Modeling at different scales produced more complete habitat associations for most species and landscape variables were more influential at larger extents than the smallest extent. Although Mississippi is heavily forested, the landscape is unexpectedly fragmented, with small areal extents of vegetation types. Managers should seek to provide large extents of a variety of habitats, including historically representative vegetation types such as low density pine, to support persistence of a complete suite of avian species.

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“…Northern Parula. Breeds s-c and se Canada (se Manitoba, w and c Ontario, s Quebec) and e USA (Minnesota, New England to Gulf of Mexico)-see Moldenhauer and Regelski (2012). First AlAskA record (no specimen; photos AKCLC and ML; Figure 8): singing male, 28-29 Jun 2017, Ketchikan (S. C. Heinl and A. W. Piston).…”

Section: Sula Grantimentioning

confidence: 99%