Northern Coastal Scrub and Coastal Prairie

Ford, Lawrence D.; Hayes, Grey F.

doi:10.1525/california/9780520249554.003.0007

Cited by 30 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 0 publications

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“…Regardless of the reasons for these increases, the observations suggest that both groups of species respond similarly to the environment. Other studies have also found exotic perennial grasses to be an important component of coastal prairie grasslands in California-frequently substantially more important than exotic annual species (e.g., Heady 1988;Peart 1989;Stromberg et al 2001;Ford and Hayes 2007). Indeed, cumulative exotic annual grass cover in our surveys was below 50% on three of the four transects, and even on Transect 4, where their cumulative cover and it is not considered one of the more harmful species.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

“…Native perennial grasses and forbs have been able to maintain dominance and resist invasion by nonnative annual grasses and forbs in some relatively undisturbed habitats, particularly in coastal parts of the state ( Fig. 1; Stromberg et al 2001;Ford and Hayes 2007). However, in recent decades the abundance of exotic perennial grasses has increased even in relatively undisturbed grasslands.…”

Section: Implications For Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The native flora of coastal prairies is made up of perennial bunchgrasses and forbs that can live for decades and develop extensive root systems to survive the summer drought that is characteristic of California's Mediterranean climate (Heady 1988;Ford and Hayes 2007). Annual grasses and forbs native to Europe and Asia invaded these and other California grassland habitats beginning in the nineteenth century.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Not novel, just better: competition between native and non-native plants in California grasslands that share species traits

Corbin

D’Antonio

2010

Plant Ecol

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Invasive plants have often been shown to possess novel traits such as the ability to fix nitrogen, access unused resource pools, or the ability to exude allelopathic chemicals. We describe a case of a successful invasion where the native and non-native species are very similar in most life-history characteristics including their growth forms, lifespan, and degree of summertime activity. Data from permanent transects suggest that exotic perennial grass invaders can establish into intact native-dominated grasslands, achieving cover values from 6 to 71% over several years. We also established a 4-year competition experiment to test the effect of each group-the native and non-native perennial grasses-on the other. Competitive interactions were found to consistently favor the non-native grasses: native perennial grass productivity was significantly lower in plots with exotic perennial grasses as compared to plots without exotic perennial grasses. By contrast, productivity of the exotic perennial grasses was not reduced by the presence of the native perennial grasses. These results suggest that competitive ability, rather than a unique trait, has contributed to the success of the exotic perennial grasses in our system. Management tools to control exotic perennial grass invasions are likely to negatively influence native perennial grass populations, as strategies that succeed against the invasive species may kill or reduce the native species as well.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Section: Implications For Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Not novel, just better: competition between native and non-native plants in California grasslands that share species traits

Corbin

D’Antonio

2010

Plant Ecol

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“…We sampled several recent burns dominated by Ceanothus oliganthus or C. thyrsiflorus but still retaining scattered mature tanoaks that survived the burn, and also sampled several stands with dead ceanothus stems in the understory of mixed-evergreen forest. Both ceanothus species are obligate seeding members of the genus and have been described as short-lived (Keeley, 1983;Ford and Hayes, 2007). The transient dominance of forest sites by ceanothus chaparral contradicts Cooper's (1922) view that chaparral and mixed-evergreen forest are topographically controlled local climax types with no successional relationship to one another in the region.…”

Section: Model Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-impact forest composition and ongoing tree mortality associated with sudden oak death in the Big Sur region; California

Davis

Borchert

Meentemeyer

et al. 2010

Forest Ecology and Management

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“…Grazing controls the mass, height, and cover of non-native herbaceous vegetation, which is essential for the maintenance of habitat for many of California's native plants and animals, including many that are listed as threatened and endangered. In addition, grazing can reduce the encroachment of shrubs into grassland, which when present increase fire and fuel loads (Russell and McBride 2003) and diminish open grassland habitat (Ford and Hayes 2007).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Benefits of Grazing—Livestock Grazing: A Conservation Tool on California's Annual Grasslands.

Barry¹,

Bush²,

Larson³

et al. 2015

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Working rangelands are open space lands that are managed with livestock grazing and rancher stewardship. Their management contributes to a variety of ecosystem services including food production, clean water, weed control, wildlife habitat maintenance and creation, fire fuel reduction, carbon sequestration, pollination services, and open space conservation. Photo: rrunaway/FiickrLooking out across the grasslands of California's Mediterranean climate zone, most of the plants you see are non-native annuals brought here from Europe and Asia. These include grasses, such as wild oats (Avena spp.) and soft chess (Bromus hordeaceus mollis) as well as forbs such as filarees (Erodium spp.) and black mustard (Brassica nigra). When left unmanaged, these non-native grasses and forbs can grow profusely in normal and above-normal precipitation years, degrading habitat conditions for some native plants and animals and increasing the risks of wildfire and pest plant infestations. California's Mediterraneantype grasslands are recognized among the world's "hot spots" of native biodiversity, despite being generally dominated by non-native species (Bartolome et al. 2014). An appreciation of this paradox and how it came to be can help conservation biologists, environmental regulators, agency managers, recreationists, and ranchers communicate more clearly about how to best manage California rangelands for the purposes of conservation.

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Northern Coastal Scrub and Coastal Prairie

Cited by 30 publications

References 0 publications

Not novel, just better: competition between native and non-native plants in California grasslands that share species traits

Not novel, just better: competition between native and non-native plants in California grasslands that share species traits

Pre-impact forest composition and ongoing tree mortality associated with sudden oak death in the Big Sur region; California

The Benefits of Grazing—Livestock Grazing: A Conservation Tool on California's Annual Grasslands.

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