North versus South: Energy transition and energy intensity in Europe over 200 years

Gales, Ben; Kander, Astrid; Malanima, Paolo; Rubio, Mar

doi:10.1017/s1361491607001967

Cited by 168 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…Compared to many other industrialized nations, Sweden's energy system was never very dominated by coal, but rather went from dependence on firewood in 1850 (roughly 75 per cent of energy according to Gales et al 2007) to becoming relatively dependent on primary electricity. Sweden is well endowed with hydropower resources and great advances were made in the electricity infrastructure from the 1910s to the 1950s.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Causality between energy and output in the long-run

Stern

Enflo

2013

Energy Economics

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Abstract:Though there is a very large literature examining whether energy use Granger causes economic output or vice versa this literature is fairly inconclusive. Almost all existing studies use relatively short time series or panels with a relatively small time dimension. Additionally, many recent papers continue to use what seem to be misspecified models. We apply Granger causality and cointegration techniques to a Swedish time series data set on energy and economic growth spanning 150 years to test whether increases in energy use and energy quality have driven economic growth. We show that these techniques are very sensitive to variable definition, choice of additional variables in the model, and sample periods. All of the following appear to make a finding that energy causes growth more likely: using multivariate models, defining variables to better reflect their theoretical definition, using larger samples, and including appropriate structural breaks. However, it is also possible that the relationship between energy and growth has changed over time and that results from recent smaller samples reflect this. Energy prices have a significant causal impact on both energy use and output.

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Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Causality between energy and output in the long-run

Stern

Enflo

2013

Energy Economics

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“…The literature on historical energy transitions has blossomed in the last ten years (Gales et al 2007, Geels and Schot 2007, Bartoletto and Rubio 2008, Madureira 2008, Kunnas and Myllyntaus 2009, Allen 2009, Ayres and Warr 2009, Wrigley 2010, Smil 2010, Mitchell 2011, Kander et al 2013, Grübler and Wilson 2014, and Jones 2014. Perhaps triggered by unfolding events, and partly stimulated by the special issue in this journal, research output on using experiences from past energy transitions to inform the present and future policies has accelerated (Sarrica et al 2016, Sovacool 2016, Chabrol 2016, Andrews-Speed 2016, Pearson 2016.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical energy transitions: Speed, prices and system transformation

Fouquet

2016

Energy Research & Social Science

213

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“…Rather, there was a differential expansion of use of the modern energy carriers, first coal and then oil, primary electricity, and natural gas as well as the innovations that found new ways of using these fuels (Gales et al 2007, Allen, 2009). Also, the data from Sweden (Kander, 2002), Spain (Rubio 2005;Iriarte-Goñi and Ayuda, 2008) and Britain (Warde, 2007;Iriarte-Goñi and Ayuda, 2012) show that there was continued expansion of traditional fuels in absolute terms, although the share of traditional fuels was falling.…”

Section: Model and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though long-run historical energy use data are now available for several countries in Europe and North America (Kander, 2002;Malanima, 2006;Gales et al, 2007;Warde, 2007;Henriques, 2011;Kander et al 2013), long run consistent national energy price series are so far only available for Sweden (Kander, 2002). 2 Also, the transition to coal took place very early in England and data for that period are naturally scarcer and less certain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic Growth and the Transition from Traditional to Modern Energy in Sweden

Kander

Stern

2013

SSRN Journal

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We examine the role of substitution from traditional to modern energy carriers and of differential rates of innovation in the use of each of these in Sweden from 1850 to 1950. We use a simple growth model with a nested CES production function and exogenous factor augmenting technological change and carry out a growth accounting decomposition based on the econometric results. Energy and energy augmenting technological change contributed more than a third of the economic growth in this period. Even though the rate of technical change was much larger for modern energy, innovation in the use of traditional energy carriers contributed more to growth between 1850 and 1890, since the cost share of traditional energy was so much larger than that of modern energy in that period. However, after 1890 we find that modern energy contributed much more to economic growth than traditional energy, but increasingly labor augmenting technological change and capital accumulation became the most important drivers of growth in the final decades of the period. | T H E A U S T R A L I A N N A T I O N A L U N I V E R S I T Y Keywords JEL ClassificationO13, O41, Q43, N13, N14 Address for correspondence:(E) cama.admin@anu.edu.auThe Centre for Applied Macroeconomic Analysis in the Crawford School of Public Policy has been established to build strong links between professional macroeconomists. It provides a forum for quality macroeconomic research and discussion of policy issues between academia, government and the private sector.The Crawford School of Public Policy is the Australian National University's public policy school, serving and influencing Australia, Asia and the Pacific through advanced policy research, graduate and executive education, and policy impact. | T H E A U S T R A L I A N N A T I O N A L U N I V E R S I T Y AbstractWe examine the role of substitution from traditional to modern energy carriers and of differential rates of innovation in the use of each of these in Sweden from 1850 to 1950. We use a simple growth model with a nested CES production function and exogenous factor augmenting technological change and carry out a growth accounting decomposition based on the econometric results. Energy and energy augmenting technological change contributed more than a third of the economic growth in this period. Even though the rate of technical change was much larger for modern energy, innovation in the use of traditional energy carriers contributed more to growth between 1850 and 1890, since the cost share of traditional energy was so much larger than that of modern energy in that period. However, after 1890 we find that modern energy contributed much more to economic growth than traditional energy, but increasingly labor augmenting technological change and capital accumulation became the most important drivers of growth in the final decades of the period. JEL Codes: O13, O41, Q43, N13, N14 Acknowledgements:We thank the Australian Research Council for support under Discovery grant DP120101088: "Energy Transitions: Pa...

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North versus South: Energy transition and energy intensity in Europe over 200 years

Cited by 168 publications

References 28 publications

Causality between energy and output in the long-run

Causality between energy and output in the long-run

Historical energy transitions: Speed, prices and system transformation

Economic Growth and the Transition from Traditional to Modern Energy in Sweden

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