“…Systemic envenomation by coral snakes (Micrurus spp.) in humans is characterized by neurotoxicity (Bucaretchi et al, 2016a,b;Risk et al, 2016;Anwar and Bernstein, 2017;Corbett and Clark, 2017) and various studies have confirmed this neurotoxicity in vivo (Vital Brazil, 1965;Weis and McIssac, 1971;Vital Brazil et al, 1976/77;Vital Brazil and Fontana, 1983/84) and in vitro (Vital Brazil et al, 1976/77;Vital Brazil and Fontana, 1983/84;Goularte et al, 1995;Vital Brazil et al, 1995;Abreu et al, 2008, Camargo et al, 2011Renjifo et al, 2012;Carbajal-Saucedo et al, 2014;Yang et al, 2017). The results described here show that, in common with other Micrurus spp., M. l. lemniscatus venom caused irreversible blockade of neurotransmission in mammalian and avian neuromuscular preparations.…”