Norovirus on cruise ships: Motivation for handwashing?

Examining Risk-Reduction Behavior Toward Water Quality Among Restaurant Guests

“…PMT provides the most widely accepted set of guidelines and constructs to understand how an individual addresses their health-related protection choices and behaviors (Janmaimool, 2017). Research has previously shown PMT represents a viable theoretical framework specific to various health and sociopsychological settings, and the model has been able to successfully provide an important cognitive account of diverse protective behaviors (Bubeck et al, 2018;Fisher et al, 2018;Scarpa & Thiene, 2011). It has also been used effectively in an array of research topics including the control of environmental hazards (Bubeck et al, 2018), preventive practices of disease (McMath & Prentice-Dunn, 2005), and health promotion (Scarpa & Thiene, 2011).…”

“…More recently, the PMT has been applied within the hospitality context. Using a case scenario approach, Fisher et al (2018) examined the efficacy of the PMT for predicting cruise passengers' intentions toward handwashing given a hypothetical outbreak of the norovirus disease. Study results demonstrated that individuals were willing and able to engage in protection motivation actions to avoid the communicated threat.…”

“…What drives consumers when faced with a product-related crisis (e.g., mad cow disease, norovirus, etc. ), or the perception of one (Susskind et al, 2016) has received heightened research attention (Fisher et al, 2018;Pennings et al, 2002).…”

What Disgusts Consumers in the Hospitality Industry: The Consumer Reaction to Environmental Contamination Model

“…Examples include the H1N1 epidemic that was found to adversely affect the hotel, restaurant, and aviation industries in Mexico (Monterrubio, 2010), and the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak that was said to have a “negatively profound effect on tourism around the world” (Pine & McKercher, 2004). Research has also found that cruise passengers would change their behavior once on the cruise when a norovirus outbreak might occur (Fisher, Almanza, Behnke, Nelson, & Neal, 2018). According to the results of this study, passengers would be likely to wash their hands twice as often, and would be most likely to avoid the buffet, fitness center, and spa (in that order) (Fisher, Almanza, Behnke, Nelson, & Neal, 2018).…”

“…Research has also found that cruise passengers would change their behavior once on the cruise when a norovirus outbreak might occur (Fisher, Almanza, Behnke, Nelson, & Neal, 2018). According to the results of this study, passengers would be likely to wash their hands twice as often, and would be most likely to avoid the buffet, fitness center, and spa (in that order) (Fisher, Almanza, Behnke, Nelson, & Neal, 2018).…”