Normative values of incremental shuttle walk test in children and adolescents: an observational study

Vardhan, Vishnu; Palekar, Tushar; Dhuke, Priyanka; Baxi, Gaurang

doi:10.22376/ijpbs.2017.8.4.b478-483

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Our data, in accordance with Lanza, Vardhan and Pinho, 26–28 demonstrated a significant association between ISWT and age (haemophilia: r=0.58, p=0.00; CF: r=0.42, p=0.00), such that on average, older CYP achieved greater distances than younger CYP. There was also a negative association between ISWT distance and BMI (haemophilia: r=−0.47 p=0.00; CF: r=−0.19 p=0.04), which was also observed in the Lanza and Pinho studies but not in the Vardhan study.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Using reference equations to standardise incremental shuttle walk test performance in children and young people with chronic conditions and facilitate the evaluation of exercise capacity and disease severity

Filipow,

Bladen,

Raywood

et al. 2024

BMJ Open

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AimsThe aim was to evaluate whether standardised exercise performance during the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) can be used to assess disease severity in children and young people (CYP) with chronic conditions, through (1) identifying the most appropriate paediatric normative reference equation for the ISWT, (2) assessing how well CYP with haemophilia and cystic fibrosis (CF) perform against the values predicted by the best fit reference equation and (3) evaluating the association between standardised ISWT performance and disease severity.MethodsA cross-sectional analysis was carried out using existing data from two independent studies (2018–2019) at paediatric hospitals in London,UK. CYP with haemophilia (n=35) and CF (n=134) aged 5–18 years were included. Published reference equations for standardising ISWT were evaluated through a comparison of populations, and Bland-Altman analysis was used to assess the level of agreement between distances predicted by each equation. Associations between ISWT and disease severity were assessed with linear regression.ResultsThree relevant reference equations were identified for the ISWT that standardised performance based on age, sex and body mass index (Vardhan, Lanza, Pinho). A systematic proportional bias of standardised ISWT was observed in all equations, most pronounced with Vardhan and Lanza; the male Pinho equation was identified as most appropriate. On average, CYP with CF and haemophilia performed worse than predicted by the Pihno equation, although the range was wide. Standardised ISWT, and not ISWT distance alone, was significantly associated with forced expiratory volume in 1 s in CYP with CF. Standardised ISWT in CYP with haemophilia was slightly associated with haemophilia joint health score, but this was not significant.ConclusionsISWT performance may be useful in a clinic to identify those with worsening disease, but only when performance is standardised against a healthy reference population. The development of validated global reference equations is necessary for more robust assessment.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Using reference equations to standardise incremental shuttle walk test performance in children and young people with chronic conditions and facilitate the evaluation of exercise capacity and disease severity

Filipow,

Bladen,

Raywood

et al. 2024

BMJ Open

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“…As age is a determining factor for VO 2 peak, it is important to highlight that several studies have used the ISWT in the older population [10, 11, 22, 23, 26] or in children and adolescents [15–17], and some evaluated stratifying age groups [2, 30]. Due to the influence of cardiorespiratory fitness on functional independence, there is great interest in describing age-related changes in maximum oxygen consumption.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our study presents differentials when proposing a prediction equation for VO 2 peak, the main variable for evaluation of cardiorespiratory fitness [19, 34], since most of the studies with ISWT focus on the prediction of walking distance [2, 10, 15, 17, 22, 23]. In addition, those who did the VO 2 peak prediction equation for women did not validate it [5, 11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies had already shown strong correlations between the performance on CEPT and ISWT [5, 12, 13, 14]. Some studies have showed that the ISWT is a maximal test in the pediatric and elderly population [15, 16, 17, 18], however the intensity of ISWT was often indirectly assessed by predictive equations [15, 16, 17]. Hence, our study group compared cardiorespiratory responses between ISWT and CEPT in healthy young adult men [14] and adolescent boys (data not published), where the results showed moderate to high significant correlation and agreement, concluding that the ISWT is a maximal test in these subjects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardiorespiratory fitness assessment and prediction of peak oxygen consumption by Incremental Shuttle Walking Test in healthy women

et al. 2019

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IntroductionPreliminary studies have showed that the Incremental Shuttle Walking Test (ISWT) is a maximal test, however comparison between ISWT with the cardiopulmonary exercise test (CEPT) has not yet performed in the healthy woman population. Furthermore, there is no regression equation available in the current literature to predict oxygen peak consumption (VO2 peak). Thus, this study aimed to compare the ISWT with CEPT and to develop an equation to predict peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak) in healthy women participants.MethodsFirst, the VO2 peak, respiratory exchange ratio (R peak), heart rate max (HR max) and percentage of predicted HR max (% predicted HR max) were evaluated in the CEPT and ISWT (n = 40). Then, an equation was developed to predict the VO2 peak (n = 54) and its validation was performed (n = 20).ResultsThere were no significant differences between the ISWT and CEPT of VO2 peak, HR max and % predicted HR max values (P>0.05), except for R peak measure in the ISWT (1.22 ± 0.13) and CEPT (1.18 ± 0.1) (P = 0.022). Therefore, both tests showed a moderate positive correlation of VO2 peak (r = 0.51; P = 0.0007), HR max (r = 0.65; P<0.0001) and R peak (r = 0.55; P = 0.0002) and the Bland-Altman analysis showed agreement of VO2 peak (bias = -0.14). The distance walked on ISWT and age explained 36.3% (R2 Adjusted = 0.363) of the variance in VO2 peak. The equation developed was VO2 peak (predicted) = 19.793 + (0.02 x distance walked)—(0.236 x age). There was no statistically significant difference between the VO2 peak measured directly and the predicted, and the Bland-Altman analysis showed agreement (bias = 1.5 ml/kg/min).ConclusionISWT is a maximal test showing similar results compared to the CEPT, and the predicted equation was valid and applicable for VO2 peak assessing in young adult healthy women.

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“…Predictive equations for ISWD have been generated for adults from countries like UK, India and Brazil [16][17][18][19]. Recommendations provided by the American Thoracic Society suggests clinicians to generate reference norms applicable to their populations due to in uence of socio-cultural and demographic factors on performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reference Values for Incremental Shuttle Walk Test in healthy Indian Children and Adolescents

Agarwal,

Shah,

Mullerpatan

2024

Preprint

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Purpose: Early identification of physical inactivity in children and adolescents using a simple reliable test like Incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) can aid in prescription of evidence based early interventional programs to enhance cardiopulmonary exercise capacity. Methods: Thousand participants recruited for study were stratified into 3 biological age groups-Group A: 5-8 years, Group B: 9-12 years and Group C: 13-17 years. Anthropometric measures were recorded and ISWT was performed as per standard protocol across a 10-meter shuttle walkway. Results: Incremental shuttle walk distance was greater in males compared to females in all age groups(ISWD Group 1 females 395.36m, ISWD Group 2 females 492.16m,ISWD Group 3 females 582.22m (p= 0.00), ISWD Group 1 males 414.22m, ISWD Group 2 males 536.71m and ISWD Group 3 males 698.62m(p=0.00) ISWD demonstrated significant positive correlation with age (r=0.491, p=0.00) and weak negative correlation with gender (r-0.123,p=0.00).Stepwise linear regression analysis was performed to generate a predicative equation for ISWD with age and gender model ISWD (r2 = 0.611). ISWD = 168.23 + (232.93*Height) - (86.47*Gender) + (11.42*Age) (Males 1, Females 0) Conclusion: Reference values generated for ISWD can be used for prescription and regular monitoring of cardio pulmonary endurance of children and adolescents.

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Normative values of incremental shuttle walk test in children and adolescents: an observational study

Cited by 6 publications

References 2 publications

Using reference equations to standardise incremental shuttle walk test performance in children and young people with chronic conditions and facilitate the evaluation of exercise capacity and disease severity

Using reference equations to standardise incremental shuttle walk test performance in children and young people with chronic conditions and facilitate the evaluation of exercise capacity and disease severity

Cardiorespiratory fitness assessment and prediction of peak oxygen consumption by Incremental Shuttle Walking Test in healthy women

Reference Values for Incremental Shuttle Walk Test in healthy Indian Children and Adolescents

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