Normative range parenting and the developing brain: A scoping review and recommendations for future research

Farber, Madeline J.; Gee, Dylan G.; Hariri, Ahmad R.

doi:10.1111/ejn.15003

Cited by 30 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 148 publications

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“…However, and connected back to our conceptualization of the amygdala, hostile and emotionally boundaryless contexts may be perceived as psychologically unsafe and, ultimately, an inescapable stressor. It will be important to think about this and related elements of normal and atypical parenting in relation to neurobiology [for thoughtful review in this space, see Farber et al (2020)].…”

Section: Further Consideration Of Ela Amygdala Neurobiology and Clinical Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

Amygdala Allostasis and Early Life Adversity: Considering Excitotoxicity and Inescapability in the Sequelae of Stress

Hanson

Nacewicz

2021

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Early life adversity (ELA), such as child maltreatment or child poverty, engenders problems with emotional and behavioral regulation. In the quest to understand the neurobiological sequelae and mechanisms of risk, the amygdala has been of major focus. While the basic functions of this region make it a strong candidate for understanding the multiple mental health issues common after ELA, extant literature is marked by profound inconsistencies, with reports of larger, smaller, and no differences in regional volumes of this area. We believe integrative models of stress neurodevelopment, grounded in “allostatic load,” will help resolve inconsistencies in the impact of ELA on the amygdala. In this review, we attempt to connect past research studies to new findings with animal models of cellular and neurotransmitter mediators of stress buffering to extreme fear generalization onto testable research and clinical concepts. Drawing on the greater impact of inescapability over unpredictability in animal models, we propose a mechanism by which ELA aggravates an exhaustive cycle of amygdala expansion and subsequent toxic-metabolic damage. We connect this neurobiological sequela to psychosocial mal/adaptation after ELA, bridging to behavioral studies of attachment, emotion processing, and social functioning. Lastly, we conclude this review by proposing a multitude of future directions in preclinical work and studies of humans that suffered ELA.

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Section: Further Consideration Of Ela Amygdala Neurobiology and Clinical Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

Amygdala Allostasis and Early Life Adversity: Considering Excitotoxicity and Inescapability in the Sequelae of Stress

Hanson

Nacewicz

2021

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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“…Although the study of adverse family environments, generally involving child maltreatment, on brain development has amassed a substantial body of evidence, relatively little attention has been given to the influence of “normative” differences in parenting behaviors (Belsky & de Haan, 2011; Farber, Gee, & Hariri, 2020). Positive (warm and supportive) parenting has been found to enhance child functioning (Landry, Smith, Swank, Assel, & Vellet, 2001; Landry, Smith, Swank, & Guttentag, 2008; Phua et al, 2019) and has been associated with changes in brain structure, including accelerated cortical thinning in a number of regions (Luby, Belden, Harms, Tillman, & Barch, 2016; Whittle, Simmons, et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards understanding neurocognitive mechanisms of parenting: Maternal behaviors and structural brain network organization in late childhood

Richmond

Beare

Johnson

et al. 2021

Human Brain Mapping

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A substantial body of knowledge suggests that exposure to adverse family environments – including violence and neglect – influences many aspects of brain development. Relatively less attention has been directed toward the influence of “normative” differences in parenting behaviors. Given the rapid brain reorganization during late childhood, parenting behaviors are particularly likely to impact the structure of the brain during this time. This study investigated associations between maternal parenting behaviors and the organization of structural brain networks in late childhood, as measured by structural covariance. One hundred and forty‐five typically developing 8‐year‐olds and their mothers completed questionnaire measures and two observed interaction tasks; magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were obtained from the children. Measures of maternal negative, positive, and communicative behavior were derived from the interaction tasks. Structural covariance networks based on partial correlations between cortical thickness estimates were constructed and estimates of modularity were obtained using graph theoretical analysis. High levels of negative maternal behavior were associated with low modularity. Minimal support was found for an association between positive maternal behaviors and modularity and between maternal communicative behaviors and modularity. Our findings suggest that variation in negative maternal behavior is associated with the structural organization of brain networks in children.

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“…The free-range children will be self-sufficient and in a position to deal with unanticipated difficulties in life and can navigate themselves without parental handholding. [32][33][34] 5. Attachment parents: They are relaxed but set limits in line with their needs and character.…”

Section: Other Parenting Stylesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental attitudes and parenting styles in paediatric dentistry: A review of the current literature

Saikiran¹,

Nuvvula²,

Challa³

et al. 2021

JUPD

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Dental anxiety plays a crucial role in managing the children in the dental setup. Anxiety can occur due to various factors; multiple studies have stated that parenting styles affect children's dental anxiety and behaviour. These parenting styles can also influence the child's personality, psychological and social development. Hence, the present review is intended to summarize various parenting styles and attitudes that could affect the paediatric patient behaviour in the dental office. Furthermore, a wide range of new parenting styles which are not yet reported in the literature is also discussed.

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Normative range parenting and the developing brain: A scoping review and recommendations for future research

Cited by 30 publications

References 148 publications

Amygdala Allostasis and Early Life Adversity: Considering Excitotoxicity and Inescapability in the Sequelae of Stress

Amygdala Allostasis and Early Life Adversity: Considering Excitotoxicity and Inescapability in the Sequelae of Stress

Towards understanding neurocognitive mechanisms of parenting: Maternal behaviors and structural brain network organization in late childhood

Parental attitudes and parenting styles in paediatric dentistry: A review of the current literature

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