Normative Data of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment in the Greek Population and Parkinsonian Dementia

Konstantopoulos, Kostas; Vogazianos, Paris; Doskas, Triantafyllos

doi:10.1093/arclin/acw002

Cited by 62 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Consistent with previous findings, older age was associated with lower scores [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][31][32][33][34][35]. We found a 1.0-point difference between the youngest (65-75) and oldest (75-85) groups; other studies have reported a difference of 0.6-2.4 points between similar age groups [13,[15][16][17]31].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Gender was significantly associated with MoCA score, with a mean for men of 0.45 points below the mean for women. This is consistent with a Greek normative study showing a difference in mean of 0.3 points between sexes [11]. In a study by Larouche et al, in which mean scores were not presented, male sex was also a negative predictive factor in their regression model [12].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…We found a 1.0-point difference between the youngest (65-75) and oldest (75-85) groups; other studies have reported a difference of 0.6-2.4 points between similar age groups [13,[15][16][17]31]. Lower level of education was significantly associated with lower scores, correlating with results from other studies [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][31][32][33][34][35]. The difference in mean score was 1.4 points between the least and highest educated groups, in agreement with the original suggested method of adding an extra point for low education (≤12 years).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…When interpreting cognitive assessments, it is important to have population-based normative data suitable for the population on which it is being used. Several previous studies on normative data for the MoCA have included age groups below the average age of patients who are being assessed for cognitive impairment (including participants below the age of 45) [11][12][13][14][15], and some studies have derived norms based on a relatively small normal population [13,[16][17][18]. Hence, there is a need for normative data from a large population in a representative age group.…”

Section: E Borland Et Al / the Montreal Cognitive Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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[P3–284]: The Montreal Cognitive Assessment: Normative Data From a Large Swedish Population‐based Cohort

Borland¹,

Nägga

Nilsson

et al. 2017

Alzheimer's & Dementia

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Abstract.Background: The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) has a high sensitivity for detecting cognitive dysfunction. Swedish normative data does not exist and international norms are often derived from populations where cognitive impairment has not been screened for and not been thoroughly assessed to exclude subjects with dementia or mild cognitive impairment. Objective: To establish norms for MoCA and develop a regression-based norm calculator based on a large, well-examined cohort. Methods: MoCA was administered on 860 randomly selected elderly people from a population-based cohort from the EPIC study. Cognitive dysfunction was screened for and further assessed at a memory clinic. After excluding cognitively impaired participants, normative data was derived from 758 people, aged 65-85. Results: MoCA cut-offs (-1 to -2 standard deviations) for cognitive impairment ranged from <25 to <21 for the lowest educated and <26 to <24 for the highest educated, depending on age group. Significant predictors for MoCA score were age, sex and level of education. Conclusion: We present detailed normative MoCA data and cut-offs according to the DSM-5 criteria for cognitive impairment based on a large population-based cohort of elderly individuals, screened and thoroughly investigated to rule out cognitive impairment. Level of education, sex, and age should be taken in account when evaluating MoCA score, which is facilitated by our online regression-based calculator that provide percentile and z-score for a subject's MoCA score.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: E Borland Et Al / the Montreal Cognitive Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

[P3–284]: The Montreal Cognitive Assessment: Normative Data From a Large Swedish Population‐based Cohort

Borland¹,

Nägga

Nilsson

et al. 2017

Alzheimer's & Dementia

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Interestingly, MoCA scores were sometimes reported to be higher in healthy aging women than men. [23][24][25] The slower development of cognitive impairment in females may in part reflect their relative high baseline ability in the areas susceptible for Parkinson's disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in the presentation and progression of Parkinson’s disease by sex

Iwaki

Blauwendraat

Leonard

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Multiculturalism: A Challenge for Cognitive Screeners in Parkinson's Disease

Statucka

Cherian

Fasano

et al. 2021

Movement Disord Clin Pract

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BackgroundBackground: The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Dementia Rating Scale-2 (DRS-2) are recommended screeners for Parkinson's disease mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI). Cross-cultural studies examining their diagnostic precision have not addressed cultural bias in a multicultural setting. Objectives Objectives: To compare DRS-2 and MoCA performance between patients born in Canada, the USA, and the UK (Anglosphere group) and immigrant patients born elsewhere (International group). To identify sources of cultural bias by comparing group characteristics, and by assessing the relationships between performance and immigration and socio-development variables. To examine the diagnostic precision of both tools in detecting PD-MCI in each group. Methods Methods: We conducted a clinical chart review of advanced PD patients who completed cognitive screeners (MoCA: n = 288, 30% International group; DRS-2: n = 426, 31% International group). All completed a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment to apply Level II PD-MCI diagnostic criteria. Results Results: The International group performed worse than the Anglosphere group on the MoCA and DRS-2, and the only variable that accounted for some of the group difference was the Historical Index of Human Development, a societal variable, which fully mediated the group effect on the DRS-2. Diagnostic precision of the MoCA was at chance level in the International group, and was poorer than that of the DRS-II in this group and that of the MoCA in the Anglosphere group, although these were considered poor. Conclusions Conclusions: Our results support the recommendation to exert caution in using cognitive screeners to capture PD-MCI in all patients and particularly with first generation immigrants.Cognitive decline is a prevalent symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD). While a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment is the gold standard for PD dementia (PDD) 1 and mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) 2 diagnoses, resources are often limited and repeating assessments over time is not feasible. Instead, cognitive screeners are more amenable to routine care and tools such as the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale-2 (DRS-2) 3 and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) 4 are recommended for use in PD. 5 Both scales are translated into numerous languages and are validated for PD around the globe, albeit with variable pass/ fail scores. These cross-cultural initiatives, however, do not address the challenge of cognitive testing in a multicultural setting.Cultural bias on cognitive tasks within multicultural societies is seldom examined in PD research. In other clinical groups, bias was mainly demonstrated in testing of racial/ethnic groups in the USA, with the confounds of education, literacy, socioeconomic status and general health differences. 6,7 Such research may not generalize to multicultural societies such as Toronto, Canada where immigrants represent 50% of the population, 8 and are generally healthy 9,10 and highly educated. 8 Because normative data from immigrants' ...

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Normative Data of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment in the Greek Population and Parkinsonian Dementia

Cited by 62 publications

References 28 publications

[P3–284]: The Montreal Cognitive Assessment: Normative Data From a Large Swedish Population‐based Cohort

[P3–284]: The Montreal Cognitive Assessment: Normative Data From a Large Swedish Population‐based Cohort

Differences in the presentation and progression of Parkinson’s disease by sex

Multiculturalism: A Challenge for Cognitive Screeners in Parkinson's Disease

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