Normative data for the Tygerberg Cognitive Battery and Mini-Mental Status Examination in a South African population

Roos, Annerine; Calata, Dorothy; Jonkers, Liesl; Maritz, Stephan; Kidd, Martin; Daniels, Willie M. U.; Hugo, F

doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2009.03.007

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…[35,36] The RCF findings were similar to a study that showed that it was able to distinguish patients with Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia from those in the control group. [34] The COWAT semantic fluency ('animal') category displayed diagnostic significance for dementia (p=0.017), whereas phonological fluency (FAS) did not.…”

Section: Screening For Dementiasupporting

confidence: 75%

“…[34] The COWAT semantic fluency ('animal') category displayed diagnostic significance for dementia (p=0.017), whereas phonological fluency (FAS) did not. The superiority of semantic fluency over other verbal fluency measures has been shown in SA [35] and elsewhere. [36] The animal category is also simple to administer and interpret, and could be valuable as a screening and/or diagnostic measure for use in low-income country settings.…”

Section: Screening For Dementiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sensitivity and specificity of neuropsychological tests for dementia and mild cognitive impairment in a sample of residential elderly in South Africa

et al. 2014

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Section: Screening For Dementiasupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Screening For Dementiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity and specificity of neuropsychological tests for dementia and mild cognitive impairment in a sample of residential elderly in South Africa

et al. 2014

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“…Adequate normative data are needed not only for older adults but also for middle‐aged people who can experience various neurological disorders including early‐onset dementia, multiple sclerosis, stroke or brain injury. Even though numerous normative data for people aged 45 and over have been published, most of them presented a small number of participants in that age category . Moreover, some studies lacked stratification on age and education or relied on very large age categories (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even though numerous normative data for people aged 45 and over have been published, most of them presented a small number of participants in that age category . Moreover, some studies lacked stratification on age and education or relied on very large age categories (i.e. 20 years) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Norms for standard neuropsychological tests from the French CONSTANCES cohort

Ouvrard

Berr

Meillon

et al. 2019

Euro J of Neurology

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Background and purpose Neuropsychological testing plays a key role in various clinical contexts. Even though a substantial number of adults suffer neurological disorders such as early‐onset dementia, stroke, traumatic brain injury or multiple sclerosis, most normative data do not include persons below 65. The aim of this study was to produce updated norms for the Mini‐Mental State Examination, the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test, the Trail Making Test, verbal fluency tasks and the Digit Symbol Substitution Test for middle‐aged and older adults. Methods The sample consisted of 51 879 participants aged 45–70 years from the CONSTANCES study. Norms are presented in percentiles stratified on age, education and gender. Results The results illustrated the effect of age in all tests considered. For tests involving speed processing, the impact of age was observed including in tight age range categories (5 years). The results also showed the well‐known effect of education and an effect of gender in tests involving verbal memory and speed processing. Conclusions The norms provided allow the variability of the cognitive performances of middle‐aged to older populations to be understood, with a high precision in age categories. The tests considered are broadly used in neuropsychological practice and should be helpful in a variety of clinical contexts.

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“…In general, performance on the MMSE is influenced by many individual characteristics, particularly age and education (4). The use of an age-and educationspecific reference value has been developed to alleviate this problem in several countries (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13). In Japan, communitybased data on MMSE scores by age and education are available (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Norms of the Mini-Mental State Examination for Japanese Subjects that Underwent Comprehensive Brian Examinations: The Kashima Scan Study

et al. 2014

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Objective The distribution of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores by age and educational level was investigated in subjects that underwent comprehensive brain examinations. Methods This cross-sectional study included 1,414 adults without neurological disorders who underwent health-screening tests of the brain, referred to as the "Brain Dock," in our center. The MMSE scores were compared between age groups (40-44, 45-49, 50-54, 55-59, 60-64, 65-69, or ! 70 years) and educational levels [the low education level group (6-12 years) and the high education level group (! 13 years)]. Results The median age was 59 years, and 763 (54%) were women. There was no significant difference in the MMSE total score between women and men. The stepwise method of the multiple linear regression analysis confirmed that a higher age [β value, -0.129; standard error (S.E.), 0.020; p<0.001], low education level (6-12 years) (β value, -0.226; S.E., 0.075; p=0.003), and women (β values, 0.148; S.E., 0.066; p=0.024) was significantly associated with decreased MMSE score. In general, both the percentile scores and mean scores decreased with aging and were lower in the low education level group than in the high education level group. The degree of decrement in scores with age was stronger in the low education level group than in the high education level group. Conclusion The provided data for age-and education-specific reference norms will be useful for both clinicians and investigators who perform comprehensive brain examinations to assess the cognitive function of subjects.

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Normative data for the Tygerberg Cognitive Battery and Mini-Mental Status Examination in a South African population

Cited by 9 publications

References 35 publications

Sensitivity and specificity of neuropsychological tests for dementia and mild cognitive impairment in a sample of residential elderly in South Africa

Sensitivity and specificity of neuropsychological tests for dementia and mild cognitive impairment in a sample of residential elderly in South Africa

Norms for standard neuropsychological tests from the French CONSTANCES cohort

Norms of the Mini-Mental State Examination for Japanese Subjects that Underwent Comprehensive Brian Examinations: The Kashima Scan Study

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