Normative data for eight neuropsychological tests based on a Danish sample

Abstract

Normative neuropsychological data have been provided using a sample of 101 persons aged 20 to 54 years. Eighty-seven of the subjects were recruited among patients who had undergone minor surgery, and 14 subjects were volunteers from the staff at the hospital laundry. The measures consisted of seven subjects from the WAIS-R, the trail-making test, symbol digit modalities test, auditory-verbal learning test, story recall test, visual gestalt test, recurring figures test, verbal fluency, and Purdue pegboard test. These measures were selected because of suitability in regard to time taken for testing each subject and their sensitivity to subtle changes in neuropsychological functioning. The sample was arbitrarily divided into three age groups, and for each of the three samples, mean, standard deviation, and range were calculated for each test. The results of the Information and Vocabulary subtests from the WAIS-R, education, and social status were applied as independent variables in linear regression analyses where each of the neuropsychological tests, in turn, was the dependent variable. For the oldest age group, age in addition was used as an independent variable. Significant linear relationships, which accounted for an optimal part of the variance, were selected for clinical application.

The role of genes, intelligence, personality, and social engagement in cognitive performance in Klinefelter syndrome

“…In accordance with the WAIS‐III Danish reference material, each participant's FSIQ was determined using the following regression equation FSIQ = 40.21 + (1.13 × S) + (1.38 × MR) + (2.10 × V) + (1.35 × BD). Working memory was assessed by combining two memory subscales from the WAIS‐III—digit span (DS) and letter‐number sequencing (LN)—with the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVL) (Nielsen, Knudsen, & Daugbjerg, 1989). These three measures were standardized and combined, and the sum was then divided by 3 to create an aggregate working memory score for each participant.…”

Are there reliable changes in memory and executive functions after cognitive behavioural therapy in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder?

“…An experienced clinical psychologist trained in conducting neuropsychological assessments with psychiatric patients administered all tests in one session lasting about one-and-a-half hours per subject. The following tests were administered in the same order at every assessment: Rey complex figure test (RCFT; Meyers & Meyers, 1995), Digit span (Wechsler, 2007), Danish adult reading test (DART; Mortensen & Gade, 1993;Nelson & O'Connell, 1978), Danish version of Rey auditory and verbal learning test (RAVLT; Nielsen, Knudsen, & Daugbjerg, 1989;Rey, 1964), Tower of London (ToL; Culbertson & Zillmer, 2005), Controlled oral word association test (COWAT; Strauss, Sherman, & Spreen, 2006), the Brixton spatial anticipation test, computerised (BSAT; Burgess & Shallice, 1997), Stroop colour and word test (Stroop; Golden & Freshwater, 2002), Trail making test A and B (TMA/TMB; Reitan, 1992) and the Wisconsin card sorting test, computerised 64 cards (WCST-64; Heaton, 2008). Primary outcome variables for each test were chosen a priori, resulting in a total of 13 variables besides the DART score, which was used as an estimate of intelligence.…”

Assessing upper extremity capacity as a potential indicator of needs related to household activities for rehabilitation services in people with myotonic dystrophy type 1

“…Five different scores with standardized instructions [30] can be obtained with this test by calculating the mean of two trials for the numbers of pins manipulated in a 30 or 60 seconds trial for: right hand; left hand; both hands at the same time; total of the three previous scores; assembly score. Normative values are available for several age groups [31,32] and reliability is adequate for DM1 [33]. Grip strength was assessed with a Jamar dynamometer using the standardized procedure [34] by scoring the mean of three trials for each hand and then a both sides mean score was calculated.…”