Normative and descriptive theories of decision making under risk

Damnjanović, Kaja; Janković, Ivana

doi:10.2298/theo1404025d

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 43 publications

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“…Specifically, this descriptive model of decision making predicts that people's decisions are systematically dependent not upon real values and probabilities but rather upon subjective estimations of both. It postulates that a decision-maker estimates the (given, objective) value of any offered option, comparing it to their own reference point, thus estimating whether he losses or wins by making that specific choice (Damnjanović and Janković 2014).…”

Section: Previous Research On Referendamentioning

confidence: 99%

Selling Peace: How to Frame a Serbia/Kosovo Deal in a Referendum

Damnjanović

Ejdus

Pavlović

et al. 2022

Nationalities Papers

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Are referendum campaigns involving issues about sovereignty more likely to succeed if framed in a positive rather than a negative way? We ran a survey on a hypothetical referendum on a peace agreement between Serbia and Kosovo to answer this question, and we experimentally simulated both positive and negative frames. We found that the positive campaign frame, i.e. one that contains an invitation to support a lasting peace in the Balkans, economic prosperity, Serbia’s path to EU integration, and the protection of the Serbian population and cultural heritage in Kosovo, is more appealing than the negative one, which focuses on avoiding the risk of failure. Our finding contradicts previous works that relied on the prospect theory to argue that negatively framed messages can attract more attention because people try to avoid adverse outcomes. To explain our findings, we argue that positive referendum campaigns are more effective than negative ones when the reference point is low due to attributive framing.

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Section: Previous Research On Referendamentioning

confidence: 99%

Selling Peace: How to Frame a Serbia/Kosovo Deal in a Referendum

Damnjanović

Ejdus

Pavlović

et al. 2022

Nationalities Papers

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Market Entry Decisions

Fuchs

2022

International Management

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The effects of over-reliance on AI dialogue systems on students' cognitive abilities: a systematic review

Zhai,

Wibowo,

2024

Smart Learn. Environ.

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The growing integration of artificial intelligence (AI) dialogue systems within educational and research settings highlights the importance of learning aids. Despite examination of the ethical concerns associated with these technologies, there is a noticeable gap in investigations on how these ethical issues of AI contribute to students’ over-reliance on AI dialogue systems, and how such over-reliance affects students’ cognitive abilities. Overreliance on AI occurs when users accept AI-generated recommendations without question, leading to errors in task performance in the context of decision-making. This typically arises when individuals struggle to assess the reliability of AI or how much trust to place in its suggestions. This systematic review investigates how students’ over-reliance on AI dialogue systems, particularly those embedded with generative models for academic research and learning, affects their critical cognitive capabilities including decision-making, critical thinking, and analytical reasoning. By using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, our systematic review evaluated a body of literature addressing the contributing factors and effects of such over-reliance within educational and research contexts. The comprehensive literature review spanned 14 articles retrieved from four distinguished databases: ProQuest, IEEE Xplore, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science. Our findings indicate that over-reliance stemming from ethical issues of AI impacts cognitive abilities, as individuals increasingly favor fast and optimal solutions over slow ones constrained by practicality. This tendency explains why users prefer efficient cognitive shortcuts, or heuristics, even amidst the ethical issues presented by AI technologies.

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Normative and descriptive theories of decision making under risk

Cited by 4 publications

References 43 publications

Selling Peace: How to Frame a Serbia/Kosovo Deal in a Referendum

Selling Peace: How to Frame a Serbia/Kosovo Deal in a Referendum

Market Entry Decisions

The effects of over-reliance on AI dialogue systems on students' cognitive abilities: a systematic review

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