Normal Values of Hemoglobin Mass and Blood Volume in Young, Active Women and Men

Abstract

Hemoglobin mass (Hbmass) and total blood volume (BV) determine the oxygen content in the blood. Varying anthropometric values are used to standardize blood volume and Hbmass. The aim of this study was to create normal values and to evaluate an anthropometric reference for Hbmass and BV. One hundred healthy young subjects participated in this study (50 women: 20.9±2.0 yr; 50 men: 23.2±2.9 yr). The Hbmass was measured twice by using a CO rebreathing method. The BV was calculated from the Hbmass, Hb concentration and hematocrit values. The lean body mass (LBM) was measured by a bio-impedance analysis. Women had a significant lower Hbmass per kg LBM compared with that of men (13.6±1.3 g vs. 16.1±1.7 g; p<0.0001). The BV per kg LBM tended to be lower in women than in men (105.3±8.4 ml vs. 108.7±9.0 ml; p=0.0548). LBM had the best correlation with Hbmass (r=0.9274) and BV (0.9233) when considering the entire study group. Normal values of Hbmass and BV could be potentially useful for fluid management and contribute to the diagnosis of blood disorders. For normalization and assessment of measured BV and Hbmass, lean body mass should be prioritized in future studies instead of body weight or body surface area.

Untangling the relationship between hemoglobin, peak troponin level, and mortality in patients with myocardial infarction

“…In line with previous observations, we also observed a positive relationship between the aHb level and BSA [ 11 , 12 ], which is positively associated with cardiac mass [ 13 - 16 ]. A positive relationship was found between aHb and BSA in both sexes ( Figure 1 ).…”

“…It is known that the hemoglobin mass is positively associated with body surface are (BSA) in men and women [11,12]. The cardiac mass (weight) is also positively correlated with BSA, and BSA is used as a biometric unit for normalizing left ventricular mass [13][14][15][16].…”

Sex-Specific Effect on Accumulated Oxygen Deficit During Short and Middle-Distance Swimming Performance

“…Notwithstanding, the effect of low LBM on O 2 availability to muscles at high-intensity exercise (Falz et al, 2019) is also aligned to the notion of the earliest recruitment of fast-type bres, and hence explains the inverse relationship of slope and VȮ 2Ac with LBM observed in the current study. In addition, the difference between sexes regarding body fat content was also reported to have an effect on energy cost of running during middle-distance maximal performance (Hill, 1999).…”

“…Considering that AOD is assessed by subtracting the accumulated oxygen uptake (VȮ 2Ac ) from the predicted O 2 demand (VȮ 2demand ) in exercises performed at intensities higher than that corresponding to VȮ 2max (i.e., > iVȮ 2max , Bangsbo et al, 1993), then the AOD sex-speci c response at such supramaximal intensities might be an effect of the limited O 2 supply among those with reduced lean body mass, therefore a reduced VȮ 2Ac is expected for female swimmers. This preliminary speculation is supported by the statements that females have limited capacity to deliver O 2 to the working muscles at maximal VȮ 2 rates (Falz et al, 2019;Koons et al, 2019) and that blood volume and haemoglobin mass are closely related to lean body mass in young and healthy individuals (Falz et al, 2019), therefore such assumption as higher AOD values are expected for female swimmers during 50, 100, and 200 m front crawl, as a function of low lean body mass, allows us to hypothesise that lean body mass relates negatively to AOD.…”

Total Effective Vascular Compliance of a Global Mathematical Model for the Cardiovascular System

“…Total blood volume was reported to be in the range of 75 to 80 mL/kg body weight for a normal male subject [52,53]. Stressed volume is usually approximately 30-40% of total volume [54,55].…”