Normal testicular volume in school children

Lall, K. B.; Singhi, Sunit; Gurnani, M.; Chowdhary, Balram; Garg, O. P.

doi:10.1007/bf02759836

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…This variation in testicular size can be attributed to technical differences where even the slightest of pressure can distort the shape of the testis and thus its dimensions. [18] However, the volumes obtained in our study at 8 years of age (95 th centile volume of 1.4812 ml [L] − 1.4919 ml [R]) were found to be comparable with other Indian studies[78] where the testicular volume at 8 years of age was 1.4 ml.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Various reported studies in Indian children have used the Prader's orchidometer[7] and water-displacement technique[8] to measure testicular volume, however, none have reference values for ultrasonography which is the gold standard. This study aims to obtain ultrasonographic reference values of testicular volumes for Indian children from birth to 8 years of age.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Testicular volume in a cohort of prepubertal Indian children

Srinivas

Thomas

Sebastian

et al. 2019

J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg

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Context: There are orchidometer-based testicular volume nomograms for Indian children; however, accurate and reliable values measured by ultrasound are lacking. Aims: The aim of this study was to (1) measure the testicular volumes of boys from birth to 8 years and generate reference values and (2) to identify factors if any that may influence variation in testicular volumes. Settings and Design: This was a prospective observational study conducted on 320 children in the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India. Subjects and Methods: A total of 320 boys without any genital abnormalities were studied. The testes were scanned using a linear transducer, and the length, width, and depth of each testis were recorded. Testicular volume was calculated using Lambert's equation – length × width × depth × 0.71. Statistical Analysis Used: Mean testicular volumes and standard deviation for every year of age were calculated. The centile values for testicular volume were computed using R software. Results: Age-specific nomogram of each testis was created separately. Interobserver variability of the measurement was shown to be up to 0.3 ml. No difference was demonstrated in the testicular volumes between the right and left testis. No correlation was found between body weight and body mass index with testicular volume. From the data on differences in size between the two sides, a volume differential index of 27% corresponds to the 95 th centile. Conclusions: Reference values have been created for testicular volumes in prepubertal Indian children that could be used to assess the effects of disease and surgical interventions in this age group.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testicular volume in a cohort of prepubertal Indian children

Srinivas

Thomas

Sebastian

et al. 2019

J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg

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“…[31218] The critical volume of 4 ml (which suggests the onset of puberty) was attained by boys in our study at 11 years which is similar to the study by Dave[3] and Joustra et al . [19] and was attained a bit later in studies by Lal ( n = 1000)[2], Beres ( n = 1985)[20], Tomova (12 years),[12] and Largo et al . ( n = 142) (14 years).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although some data are available in neonates and school age children up to 10 years of age, there is paucity of Indian data for penile and testicular parameters particularly in pubertal years. [23] Further, studies that have been conducted previously have suggested that there are variations in penile size in different populations. [45] Thus, the objectives of our study were to present normative data for penile length, testicular volume, and testicular length from birth to 18 years in boys from western Maharashtra and to correlate these parameters with sexual maturity staging (SMR) (with Tanner staging).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stretched penile length and testicular size from birth to 18 years in boys from Western Maharashtra

Jaiswal

Khadilkar²,

Khadilkar

et al. 2019

Indian J Endocr Metab

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Background: Genital stage and testicular volume examination and assessment are essential for assessment of growth puberty in boys. There is paucity of Indian data for penile and testicular parameters particularly in pubertal years. Aim: The aim of this study is to present normative data for penile length, testicular volume, and testicular length from birth to 18 years in boys from western Maharashtra and to correlate these parameters with sexual maturity staging (SMR) (Tanner staging). Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was undertaken in apparently healthy boys from 0 to 18 years of age from western Maharashtra from October 2016 to October 2017. Age, anthropometric parameters, stretched penile length (SPL), testicular volume, and testicular length were measured. Pubertal stage was categorized using Tanner staging. Data were entered in Microsoft excel 2013 and using SPSS version 16. LMS method was used to construct age-specific Z -scores for SPL, testicular volume, and testicular length. Results: A total of 843 boys were enrolled in the study. Mean SPL was 4.1 ± 0.4, 5.4 ± 0.8, and 10.2 ± 1.7 cm at 1, 10, and 18 years of age, respectively, and showed a gradual rise from birth to 18 years. Mean testicular volume was 1.8 ± 0.5, 3.3 ± 1.2, and 24.1 ± 3.5 ml, whereas testicular length was 1.3 ± 0.4, 2.1 ± 0.5, and 4.4 ± 0.7 cm respectively, at 1, 10, and 18 years, respectively. The magnitude of increase for SPL and testicular volume was greater around 9–10 years. The increase in SPL and testicular size was hand in hand with SMR for genital development as well as for axillary and pubic hair stages. Conclusion: Normative data on SPL, testicular volume, and testicular length from western Maharashtra are presented. These data may be useful in disorders of puberty and genitalia in boys.

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“…At time of puberty the earliest secondary sex characteristic which in male observed in male are increase in the size of testis, scrotum, and later an increase in the size of penis. 3 There is evidence that sperm competition might have been important in the evolutionary lineage leading to humans. In primates, testis size is related to the mating system, the species having single male partner (monogamous species) they have smaller testes as compare to their body size as compare to species having multiple male partners (promiscuous).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testicular Volume

Khan

Haque

Rafique

et al. 2015

TPMJ

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Objective: To determinate that male fertility influenced by testicular volumein albino rats. Study Design: Experimental. Place and Duration of study: Institute of BasicMedical Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, 10 months (November 2009to August 2010). Methodology: Sixty four adult albino rats were obtained from animal houseJinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre for the study and divided into 2 groups. Group A receivedinjection normal saline 1 cc intraperitoneally (IP) daily for 8 weeks. Group B received leadchloride in a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight IP daily. On the day of completion of treatmentthe animals were sacrificed testes along with epididymis removed and place in Petri dish. Thelength, breath and width of testes were measured with help of vernier caliper. The spermatozoawere obtained from cauda epididymis. Results: The mean ± SEM of volume testes in groupA and B after eight week of treatment were 0.77142 ± 0.04778 cm3 & 0.11768 ± 0.01673 cm3respectively. The volume of testes of group B was significantly decreased as compare to groupB (P = 0.000). Mean ±. The mean ± SEM number of sperm cells million / ml in groups A andB after eight week of treatment was 7.65 ± 186706.553 & 1.84 ± 132792.770 respectively.Number of sperms in group B were significantly decreased as compared to group A (P =0.000). Conclusion: There was relationship between volume of testes and male fertility.

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Normal testicular volume in school children

Cited by 10 publications

References 2 publications

Testicular volume in a cohort of prepubertal Indian children

Testicular volume in a cohort of prepubertal Indian children

Stretched penile length and testicular size from birth to 18 years in boys from Western Maharashtra

Testicular Volume

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