Normal standards of fetal behavior assessed by four-dimensional sonography

Yiğiter, Alin Başgül; Kavak, Zehra Neşe

doi:10.1080/14767050600924129

Cited by 94 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(81 reference statements)

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“…Yan et al [12] noted that mouthing was the most frequent facial expression between 28 and 34 weeks of gestation whereas the least frequent were scowling and sucking. These papers contradict each other about the frequency of facial patterns, which may have resulted from small sample size in each study, different study samples in all trimesters of pregnancy, and racial differences between Turkish (Yigiter et al [22]) and Japanese (Sato et al [14], There is a tendency for FGR group to have less facial expressions than AGA group especially in mouthing (p=0.057) and smiling (p=0.229), although no statistically significant difference was achieved. T.E.…”

Section: Page 7 Ofmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Previous studies of normal fetuses using conventional 4D ultrasound revealed some extent of such tendencies in the frequency of fetal facial expressions. Yigiter et al [22] revealed that mouthing was the most frequent facial pattern between 18 and 27 weeks of gestation, while scowling was the most prominent between 28 and 36 weeks of gestation. Sato et al [14] described that mouthing was the most common facial expression between 20 and 24 weeks of gestation.…”

Section: Page 7 Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Facial Expressions of Fetal Growth Restriction and Appropriate-for-Gestational Age Fetuses Assessed by Four-Dimensional High-Definition Live Ultrasound

Chida¹,

Kikuchi²,

Kanasugi³

et al. 2017

Gynecol Obstet

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Objective: To determine whether Fetal Growth Restriction (FGR) fetuses have less facial expressions than Appropriate-for-Gestational Age (AGA) counterparts with the assessment by four-dimensional high-definition live (4D HDlive) ultrasound.Methods: 4D HDlive ultrasound examinations of fetal facial expressions were performed on singleton pregnant women between 26 and 39 weeks of gestation. The duration of the 4D HDlive recordings was 15 minutes in all cases. The frequency of seven types of previously-reported facial expressions, or blinking, mouthing, yawning, tongue expulsion, sucking, smiling and scowling, were assessed. Two observers counted the frequencies, and inter-and intra-observer reproducibility was examined. Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used for comparison of FGR and AGA group. Kruskal-Wallis test was used for intra-group significance of frequencies of seven types of fetal facial expressions. P<0.05 was considered significant. Results:In this study, good intra-and inter-class correlation coefficients and intra-and inter-observer agreements were obtained. Thus, measurement values by only one examiner were used for further analysis. The facial expressions of 16 fetuses (FGR: n=8, AGA: n=8) were assessed. We noted a tendency for FGR fetuses to have less facial expressions than AGA counterparts. Although statistically significant inter-group difference was not detected in frequency of any facial expressions, this propensity is conspicuous in smiling (p=0.065) and mouthing (p=0.279). In AGA fetuses, the commonest facial expression was mouthing and was significantly more frequent than blinking (p=0.007), tongue expulsion (p=0.007) and sucking (p=0.002). We also noted a tendency that the frequency of facial expressions declines with fetal maturation. Although no statistically significant difference was shown, this propensity is prominent in mouthing of FGR (p=0.071). Conclusion:4D HDlive ultrasound provides promising modalities in novel evaluative imaging of fetal various facial expressions, and may help to elucidate functional development of Central Nervous System (CNS) and facial expressions both in normal and compromised fetuses.

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Section: Page 7 Ofmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Page 7 Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facial Expressions of Fetal Growth Restriction and Appropriate-for-Gestational Age Fetuses Assessed by Four-Dimensional High-Definition Live Ultrasound

Chida¹,

Kikuchi²,

Kanasugi³

et al. 2017

Gynecol Obstet

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[33][34][35]37,[39][40][41] All studies focused on the assessment of fetal facial expressions and movements, and fetal hand to face movements (Figs 6A to 8), because the viewing area was limited to that of the transabdominal probe. Kurjak et al 37 were the first to use 4D sonography to study 10 healthy fetuses for 15 minutes at 30 to 33 weeks.…”

Section: Late Second and Third Trimestersmentioning

confidence: 99%

4D Sonography in Assessment of Fetal Neurobehavior

Hata¹,

Sato²,

Kanenishi³

et al. 2012

Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology

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ABSTRACT'Observation of fetal behavior reflects the functioning of the central nervous system, and behavioral assessment of the fetus enables the function of the brain to be examined'.1 The introduction of four-dimensional (4D) sonography techniques would facilitate fetal behavioral assessment in three dimensions in real time during pregnancy. We describe the latest 4D sonographic studies on fetal neurobehavior in all three trimesters of pregnancy. 4D sonography also facilitated the evaluation of interhuman contact and intrapair stimulation in twin pregnancies in utero. This novel technique may assist in the evaluation of fetal neurobehavior and intertwin contact and intrapair stimulation and offer potential advantages relative to conventional two-dimensional sonography. 4D sonography may become an important modality in future research on fetal neurobehavioral development and the prenatal identification of severely brain-damaged infants.

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“…49,50,52,[54][55][56][57][58][59] All studies focused on the assessment of fetal facial movements or expressions and fetal behavioral movements (mainly hand movements) (Figs 11 to 22), because the viewing area was limited to that of the transabdominal probe. "Clearly, the ability to image facial as well as hand movements and their cooccurrence is an advantage that may be related to the 4D technology.…”

Section: Late Second and Third Trimestersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Four-dimensional Ultrasound Evaluation of Fetal Neurobehavioral Development

Hata¹,

Kanenishi²,

Tanaka³

et al. 2010

Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology

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The introduction of four-dimensional (4D) ultrasound techniques would facilitate fetal behavioral assessment in three-dimensions in realtime during pregnancy. We describe the latest 4D sonographic studies on fetal behavior, especially fetal whole-body movements and facial expressions in all three trimesters of pregnancy and the continuation of behavior from the fetal to neonatal period. Moreover, we introduce a new scoring system (KANET, Kurjak Antenatal Neurological Test) for assessment of the fetal neurological status using 4D ultrasound. 4D ultrasound also facilitated the evaluation of inter-human contact in twin pregnancies in utero. This novel technique may assist in the evaluation of fetal behavior and inter-twin contact, and offer potential advantages relative to conventional two-dimensional ultrasound. 4D ultrasound should become an important modality in future research on fetal neurobehavioral development and the prenatal identification of severely brain-damaged infants. Further studies involving a larger sample size are needed to ascertain the role of 4D ultrasound in the evaluation of fetal neurobehavioral development.

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Normal standards of fetal behavior assessed by four-dimensional sonography

Abstract: The full range of quantitative fetal facial expressions and fetal movement patterns can be assessed successfully by 4D sonography. It is important to be able to assess normal fetal behavior throughout gestation to identify abnormal behavior before birth.

Cited by 94 publications

References 29 publications

Facial Expressions of Fetal Growth Restriction and Appropriate-for-Gestational Age Fetuses Assessed by Four-Dimensional High-Definition Live Ultrasound

Facial Expressions of Fetal Growth Restriction and Appropriate-for-Gestational Age Fetuses Assessed by Four-Dimensional High-Definition Live Ultrasound

4D Sonography in Assessment of Fetal Neurobehavior

Four-dimensional Ultrasound Evaluation of Fetal Neurobehavioral Development

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