Normal Ranges of Right Atrial Strain and Strain Rate by Two-Dimensional Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Hosseinsabet, Ali; Mahmoudian, Roshanak; Jalali, Arash; Mohseni-Badalabadi, Reza; Davarpasand, Tahereh

doi:10.3389/fcvm.2021.771647

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…According to some studies, the RA strain during the reservoir and conduit phase were higher in women, while RA strain during late diastole was similar in men and women [53] , [61] . Female individuals have higher circumferential and areal strain values than men according to 3DSTE [61] .…”

Section: Ra Functionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Therefore, clinical application is limited. 2DSTE is prominent because of its angle independence compared with TDI, low load dependency compared with volumetric methods in normal subjects, and relative resistance against translational motion [52] , [53] . With 2D tracking, speckles are lost when they move out of the imaging plane.…”

Section: Ra Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Normal range values of RA strain parameters are essential to identify normal and abnormal values, compare them with reference values, and determine the clinical meaning of obtained values. However, significant heterogeneity exists in the reported normal values of RA strain parameters because of the sample size, right atrial volume index (RAVi), sex, heart rate, type of software, and method of global value calculation [53] . The development of a consensus approach by the EACVI/ASE/Industry Task Force to standardize deformation imaging reduced the impact of these differences [46] , [47] .They recently published a consensus document to standardize RA strain analysis and nomenclature by 2DSTE [46] .…”

Section: Ra Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They reported that the RA global strain was 49 ± 13 % in this normal population sample, while the RA strain during late diastole was 18 ± 6.38 %. A meta-analysis of 2469 normal subjects [53] provided more robust reference ranges for RA strain parameters by 2DSTE. The normal range values for RA strain and the strain rate were 42.7 % (95 % CI, 39.4 to 45.9 %) and 2.1 s −1 (95 % CI, 2.0 to 2.1 s −1 ) during the reservoir phase, respectively, 23.6 % (95 % CI, 20.7 to 26.6 %) and﹣1.9 s −1 (95 % CI, −2.2 to −1.7 s −1 ) during the conduit phase, correspondingly, and 16.1 % (95 % CI, 13.6 to 18.6 %) and −1.8 s −1 (95 % CI, −2.0 to −1.5 s −1 ) during the contraction phase, respectively.…”

Section: Ra Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Echocardiographic evaluation of the right atrial size and function: Relevance for clinical practice

Sun

et al. 2023

American Heart Journal Plus: Cardiology Research and Practice

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Section: Ra Functionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Ra Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ra Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ra Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Echocardiographic evaluation of the right atrial size and function: Relevance for clinical practice

Sun

et al. 2023

American Heart Journal Plus: Cardiology Research and Practice

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“…7 The apical 4-chamber view aligned with the atrial cavities was used to obtain the longitudinal strain of the reservoir of the LA 8 and right atrium (RA). 9 In a prospective analysis, the outcome and evolution of the patients was determined by studying the clinical records and the echocardiographic examinations performed during the study period.…”

Section: Echocardiographic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Evolution of Patients with Important Pulmonary Hypertension due to Schistosomiasis

Castillo¹,

Oliveira²,

Travassos³

et al. 2023

ABC Imagem Cardiovascular

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Introduction: Hepatosplenic schistosomiasis mansoni, associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), causes cardiac chamber remodeling. Little is known about its long-term evolution. Objective: To evaluate the alterations caused by PAH in patients with schistosomiasis and analyze the clinical and echocardiographic evolution over a period of 10 years. Methods: The study included 60 patients with PAH due to schistosomiasis and 50 healthy control patients. Clinical and echocardiographic data were evaluated, including dimensions, parietal thickness, function of the right and left chambers, and parameters of myocardial strain. Patients in the group with PAH due to schistosomiasis were followed for 10 years. Data were compared using Student's t test for unpaired samples with significance level of < 5%. Results: Patients with PAH had smaller left ventricular dimension without alteration in the ejection fraction, but with decreased left ventricular global longitudinal strain and left atrial reservoir strain. The right ventricular dimensions and parietal thickness were increased, and the parameters of systolic function (tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, fractional area change, tricuspid s' wave, and the right ventricular global longitudinal strain) were significantly reduced. During the follow-up period, 18 patients (32%) died, and death was associated with higher functional class, decreased right ventricular longitudinal strain, larger right ventricular size, decreased fractional area change, and decreased tricuspid annular s' wave velocity. Conclusion: PAH related to schistosomiasis causes remodeling of the right chambers, with decreased parameters of systolic function and myocardial strain. The long-term evolution, with elevated mortality, presents with larger right ventricular dimensions, lower fractional area change, lower tricuspid annular systolic velocity, lower right ventricular global longitudinal strain, and more advanced functional class.

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New Insights in Strain Mechanics (LA, RA, and RV)

Wong

Marwick

2023

Curr Cardiovasc Imaging Rep

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Purpose of Review The purpose of this paper is to review the current status and literature surrounding left atrial, right atrial, and right ventricular strain. Recent Findings Advancements in chamber-specific strain software and taskforce consensus statements have helped overcome the previous limitations of reproducibility and inter-vendor variability. Strain has increasing utility due to its superior diagnostic sensitivity and independent prognostic value over traditional imaging assessments in a range of clinical conditions. Summary The use of strain as a reliable and reproducible marker of cardiac function is most widely accepted in the assessment of left ventricular global longitudinal strain (GLS). However, strain can also be assessed in other cardiac chambers (left atrium (LA), right ventricle (RV), and right atrium (RA)). Consolidation and refinement of strain assessments in these other chambers have been achieved by chamber-specific software and uniform approaches to measurements. Strain accounts for the complex anatomy and physiology of these chambers and therefore holds sensitive diagnostic capacity. Current clinical applications are mainly in prognostication however utility is expanding specifically in LA strain, to identify and manage occult atrial fibrillation and in estimation of LV filling pressures. Further research is required to determine a universal approach in RV strain measurements and to improve technical capabilities in RA strain assessment.

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Normal Ranges of Right Atrial Strain and Strain Rate by Two-Dimensional Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 9 publications

References 49 publications

Echocardiographic evaluation of the right atrial size and function: Relevance for clinical practice

Echocardiographic evaluation of the right atrial size and function: Relevance for clinical practice

Long-Term Evolution of Patients with Important Pulmonary Hypertension due to Schistosomiasis

New Insights in Strain Mechanics (LA, RA, and RV)

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