Normal Patterns of Nasometric Values in Adult Jordanian Speakers of Arabic

Khwaileh, Fadwa A.; Alfwaress, Firas

doi:10.1097/scs.0000000000004719

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In the present report, a gender effect was found in that females in both age groups showed a statistically significant higher nasalance scores compared to the males, but only on nasal syllables and the high vowel /i/. These findings are consistent with other reports where significant gender effects were found on nasalance with the passages that had a high percentage of nasal consonants (Seaver et al, 1991; Leeper et al, 1992; Mandulak and Zajac, 2009; Khwaileh and Alfwaress, 2018; Watterson, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The SNAP Test-R has been adapted for many other languages such as Egyptian Arabic (Abou-Elsaad et al, 2012) and Greek (Okalidou et al, 2011), whereas part of the SNAP Test-R (Syllable Repetition Subtest) has been adapted for Brazilian Portuguese with established normative nasalance scores reported for a wide range of ages, including children, adolescents, young adults, and adults (de Castro Marino et al, 2016). Additionally, several studies have shown that there are differences in nasalance based on age and gender (eg, Brunnegard and Van Doorn, 2009; Abou-Elsaad et al, 2012; Gnanavel et al, 2013; Bibars et al, 2017, Khwaileh and Alfwaress, 2018). In contrast, nasalance scores from the Turkish study on 3 age groups (ages 4-7, 8-12, and 13-18 years) revealed a slight increase in nasalance with age, but no difference in nasalance based on gender (Ünal-Logacev et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nasalance Scores for Normal Speakers of American English Obtained by the Nasometer II Using the MacKay-Kummer SNAP-R Test

Alfwaress

Kummer

Weinrich

2021

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal

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Objective: To establish nasalance score norms for adolescent and young adult native speakers of American English and also determine age-group and gender differences using the Simplified Nasometric Assessment Procedures (SNAP) Test-R and Nasometer II. Design: Prospective study using a randomly selected sample of participants. Setting: Greater Cincinnati area and Miami University of Ohio. Participants: Participants had a history of normal speech and language development and no history of speech therapy. Participants in the adolescent group were recruited from schools in West Clermont and Hamilton County, whereas the young adults were recruited from Miami University of Ohio. The participants of both groups were residents of Cincinnati, Ohio or Oxford, Ohio and spoke midland American English dialect. Outcome Measures: Mean nasalance scores for the SNAP Test-R. Results: Normative nasalance scores were obtained for the Syllable Repetition/Prolonged Sounds, Picture-Cued, and Paragraph subtests. Results showed statistically significant nasalance score differences between adolescents and young adults in the Syllable Repetition, Picture-Cued, and Paragraph subtests, and between males and females in the Syllable Repetition and the Sound-Prolonged subtests. A significant univariate effect was found for the syllables and sentences containing nasal consonants and high vowels compared to syllables and sentences containing oral consonants and low vowels. Across all the SNAP Test-R subtests, the females’ nasalance scores were higher than the males. A significant univariate effect was also found across nasal syllables, and high vowels such that the females’ nasalance scores were higher than the males. Tables of normative data are provided that may be useful for clinical purposes. Conclusion: Norms obtained demonstrated nasalance score differences according to age and gender, particularly in the Syllable Repetition/Prolonged Sound subtest. These differences were discussed in light of potential reasons for their existence and implications for understanding velopharyngeal function. In addition, nasalance scores are affected by the vowel type and place of articulation of the consonant. These facts should be considered when nasometry is used clinically and for research purposes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nasalance Scores for Normal Speakers of American English Obtained by the Nasometer II Using the MacKay-Kummer SNAP-R Test

Alfwaress

Kummer

Weinrich

2021

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal

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Possible Association between Differences in Nasalance Scores and Early Spread of COVID-19 Based on Linguistic Analysis

Lee¹,

Shim

Kim

2022

Soonchunhyang Med Sci

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Objective: The World Health Organization (WHO) declared a pandemic on March 11, 2020 after more than 118,000 cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) had been reported in 114 countries. Our study analyzed the cumulative incidence rate based on WHO data starting with the first confirmed patient until the peak of transmission. In addition, the numerical values of nasometry from normal subjects were quantified to analyze the linguistic features.Methods: This study consisted of two main methodologies including a meta-analysis based on nasometry data involving normal adults and cumulative incidence rate based on WHO data. In addition, the numerical values of nasometry from normal subjects were quantified to analyze the linguistic features.Results: The pooled overall mean differences (MDs) for oral text nasalance among linguistic families were 14.655 (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.986–21.324) in Arabic, 24.441 (95% CI, 17.920–30.962) in Chinese, 14.964 (95% CI, 13.677–16.251) in European, and 11.437 (95% CI, 9.880–12.994) in Ural-Altaic. The pooled overall MDs for cumulative incidence rate of COVID-19 were 190.3 (95% CI, 56.10–324.60) in Arabic, 283.20 (95% CI, 1.80–564.60) in European, and 5.70 (95% CI, 4.90–6.60) in Ural-Altaic. Correlation between oral nasalance score and cumulative incidence was significant (P=0.0004).Conclusion: Our study showed the possible association between language characteristics and early spread of COVID-19. Further studies are needed to validate our outcomes based on various epidemiologic and behavioral factors including mask wearing.

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Normal Patterns of Nasometric Values in Adult Jordanian Speakers of Arabic

Cited by 2 publications

References 38 publications

Nasalance Scores for Normal Speakers of American English Obtained by the Nasometer II Using the MacKay-Kummer SNAP-R Test

Nasalance Scores for Normal Speakers of American English Obtained by the Nasometer II Using the MacKay-Kummer SNAP-R Test

Possible Association between Differences in Nasalance Scores and Early Spread of COVID-19 Based on Linguistic Analysis

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