Normal Microbial Flora

Joshi, Lovleen Tina; Jones, Imogen Anne; Silver, Katie

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818731-9.00226-3

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…It is also worth considering that when the dipstick test was developed, the lower urinary tract was widely thought to be a sterile environment. With the advent of molecular sequencing techniques however, our understanding of the urinary microbiome has been reshaped and it is now understood the microflora of the lower urinary tract is plentiful and varied [91–94]. As with any part of the body colonised with bacteria, the presence of leukocytes is expected as residual background.…”

Section: Current Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Urinary tract infections: a review of the current diagnostics landscape

Grey,

Upton,

Joshi

2023

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Urinary tract infections are the most common bacterial infections worldwide. Infections can range from mild, recurrent (rUTI) to complicated (cUTIs), and are predominantly caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). Antibiotic therapy is important to tackle infection; however, with the continued emergence of antibiotic resistance there is an urgent need to monitor the use of effective antibiotics through better stewardship measures. Currently, clinical diagnosis of UTIs relies on empiric methods supported by laboratory testing including cellular analysis (of both human and bacterial cells), dipstick analysis and phenotypic culture. Therefore, development of novel, sensitive and specific diagnostics is an important means to rationalise antibiotic therapy in patients. This review discusses the current diagnostic landscape and highlights promising novel diagnostic technologies in development that could aid in treatment and management of antibiotic-resistant UTIs.

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Section: Current Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…been reshaped and it is now understood the microflora of the lower urinary tract is plentiful and varied [91][92][93][94]. As with any part of the body colonised with bacteria, the presence of leukocytes is expected as residual background.…”

Section: Dipstickmentioning

confidence: 99%