Normal Merkel Cells Express a Synaptophysin-Like Immunoreactivity

Ortonne, Jean‐Paul; Petchot-Bacque, J.P.; Verrando, Patrick; Pisani, A.; Pautrat, G; Bernerd, Françoise

doi:10.1159/000248491

Cited by 58 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…32 Consequently, antibodies against CK20 are now the most widely used tool to identify MCs (Figs 1, B, and 2). Immunostaining for chromogranin A 33 and synaptophysin 34 are also used, although immunolabelling of these markers involves permeabilisation of the cells, leading to their death. More recently, the vital fluorescent FM dye was used.…”

Section: Identification Of Merkel Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Merkel cells

Boulais

Miséry

2007

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology

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Merkel cells are post-mitotic cells scattered throughout the epidermis of vertebrates. They are particularly interesting because of the close connections that they develop with sensory nerve endings and the number of peptides they can secrete. These features suggest that they may make an important contribution to skin homeostasis and cutaneous nerve development. However, these cells remain mysterious because they are difficult to study. They have not been successfully cultured and cannot be isolated, severely hampering molecular biology and functional analysis. Merkel cells probably originate in the neural crest of avians and mammalians, and their "spontaneous" appearance in the epidermis may be caused by a neuron-independent epidermal differentiation process. Their functions are still unclear: they take part in mechanoreception or at least interact with neurons, but little is known about their interactions with other epidermal cells. This review provides a new look at these least-known cells of the skin. The numerous peptides they synthesize and release may allow them to communicate with many cells other than neurons, and it is plausible that Merkel cells play a key role in skin physiology and physiopathology.

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Section: Identification Of Merkel Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Merkel cells

Boulais

Miséry

2007

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology

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“…Merkel cells have been shown to contain low molecular cytokeratins (Saurat et al, 1984;Moll et al, 1984;Ortonne & Darmon, 1985;Ness et aI., 1987;Markl et al, 1989;Wollina, 1992), desmosomal proteins (Ortonne & Darmon, 1985) and neuroendocrine markers such as neuron-specific enolase (NSE) (Gu et al, 1983;Warner et al, 1983;Masuda et al, 1986), chromogranin (Ness et al, 1987;Hartschuh et al, 1989), substance P (Hartschuh et al,I989), peptide histidine isoleucin (PHI/PHM) (Hartschuh et al, 1989), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) (Hartschuh et al, 1989;Garcia-Caballero et al, 1989c) co-occurring with vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) (Alvarez et al,i988), VIP (Hartschuh et al, 1989), met-enkephalin (Hartschuh et al, 1979(Hartschuh et al, , 1986Warner et al, I983), leucine aminopeptidase (Tachibana et al, 1989) and synaptophysin (Ortonne et at., 1988;Garcia-Caballero et al, 1989a), and serotonin by GarciaCaballero et al (1989b). The above studies show a fairly complete mapping of Merkel cell populations in various mammalian species.…”

Section: Secretory Products and Immunohistochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution patterns of the paraneuronal endocrine cells in the skin, gills and the airways of fishes as determined by immunohistochemical and histological methods

1994

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The neuro-endocrine cells of fish skin and respiratory surfaces, and their bioactive secretion as far as is known, are reviewed, and compared with similar elements in tetrapods, particularly amphibians. In the skin of teleost fish, immunohistochemistry has shown that Merkel cells react for serotonin, neuron-specific enolase and enkephalins. The pharmacology is not established in dipnoans or lampreys. In some teleosts, neuromasts react for substance P and leu-enkephalins; substance P is also reported from some ampullary organs (electroreceptors). Taste buds of teleosts may react for enkephalin and substance P. Basal cells of taste buds react for serotonin and neuron-specific enolase. Some unicellular skin glands of teleosts express bioactive compounds, including serotonin and some peptides; this ectopic expression is paralleled in amphibian skin glands. The dipnoan Protopterus has innervated pulmonary neuro-endocrine cells in the pneumatic duct region with dense-cored vesicles. In Polypterus and Amia the lungs have serotonin-positive neuro-endocrine cells that are apparently not innervated. In fish gills, a closed type of neuro-endocrine cell reacts for serotonin, an open type for enkephalins and some calcium-binding proteins (calbindin, calmodulin and S-100 protein). The functions of neuro-endocrine cells in fishes await investigation, but it is assumed they are regulatory.

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“…The histogenesis of this tumor from Merkel cells has been supported by the recently described intraepidermal development of MCC lacking a dermal component, [8][9][10] as well as by the detection of intraepidermal spread in various cases of MCC. 3 On immunohistochemical assessment, Merkel cells have been found to express a variety of neuroendocrine markers, including neurofilaments, 11,12 neuron specific enolase, 13 chromogranin A, 14 neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM/CD56), 14,15 synaptophysin, 16,17 somatostatin, 17 bombesin, and vasoactive intestinal peptide. 13 MCCs have been reported to express all the above markers, as well as other neuropeptides, such as ACTH, leu-enkephalin, gastrin, 13 secretogranin II, 3 and chromogranin B.…”

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confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemical Distinction Between Merkel Cell Carcinoma and Small Cell Carcinoma of the Lung

Bobos

Hytiroglou²,

Kostopoulos³

et al. 2006

The American Journal of Dermatopathology

228

152

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We assessed the usefulness of several immunohistochemical stains in distinguishing these two neoplasms, including cytokeratin 7, cytokeratin 20 (CK20), neuron-specific enolase, chromogranin, synaptophysin, neurofilaments (NF), thyroid-transcription factor-1 (TTF-1), CD56 antigen, S-100 protein, vimentin, c-erbB-2 oncoprotein, and CD117 antigen. All 13 cases of Merkel cell carcinoma evaluated were positive for CK20, and negative for TTF-1. Twelve of 13 Merkel cell carcinoma cases were positive for NF. Eleven of 13 cases of small cell lung carcinoma were positive for TTF-1. All small cell lung carcinoma cases were negative for NF, and all but one were negative for CK20. In terms of the remaining antigens, there were no differences of significance between the two neoplasms. These findings suggest that a set of three immunohistochemical stains, including CK20, NF, and TTF-1, is useful in affording a distinction between Merkel cell carcinoma and small cell lung carcinoma.

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Normal Merkel Cells Express a Synaptophysin-Like Immunoreactivity

Cited by 58 publications

References 13 publications

Merkel cells

Merkel cells

Distribution patterns of the paraneuronal endocrine cells in the skin, gills and the airways of fishes as determined by immunohistochemical and histological methods

Immunohistochemical Distinction Between Merkel Cell Carcinoma and Small Cell Carcinoma of the Lung

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