Normal liver function in women in the general Japanese population subjected to environmental exposure to cadmium at various levels

Ikeda, Masayuki; Zhang, Z.-W.; Moon, Chan‐Seok; Shimbo, Shinichiro; Watanabe, Takao; Nakatsuka, Haruo; Matsuda‐Inoguchi, Naoko; Higashikawa, Kae

doi:10.1007/pl00007943

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Previously, liver damage by Cd was reported in experimental animal studies, both acute and chronic (Dudley et al 1984(Dudley et al , 1985Habeebu et al 2000). However, liver toxicity in Cd-exposed workers has been rarely reported (Attia et al 2009; ATSDR 2012; Tomei et al 2013), and no evidence for Cd-induced liver damage was found in the general Japanese population (Ikeda et al 1997(Ikeda et al , 2000. During the last decade, several epidemiology studies have reported liver damage due to environmental exposure to low levels of Cd in the general population (Hyder et al 2013;Kang et al 2013;Chung et al 2020;Hong et al 2021), representing a grave concern to human health.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A few studies have reported the effect of Cd exposure on liver damage in industrial workers, but the results did not support that Cd was a causative agent of liver injury in occupationally Cd-exposed workers(Attia et al 2009;Tomei et al 2013). Furthermore,Ikeda et al (1997Ikeda et al ( , 2000 reported that environmental Cd exposure did not affect liver function among general Japanese females, despite relatively high Cd levels in the blood (GM of 2.17 and 1.76 µg/L) and urine (1.98 and 3.94 µg/g of creatinine). Similarly, no association between blood BCd and ALT elevation was observed in the US adult general population(Cave et al 2010).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of Environmental Cadmium Exposure on the Liver in Korean Adults: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Studies

Seo

Eom

Lim

et al. 2023

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

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Cadmium (Cd) is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant with an exceptionally long biological half-life. The liver is a major organ for Cd metabolism, but the toxicity of Cd is unclear. This study sought to determine whether blood Cd (BCd) level (representing recent exposure [months] to Cd) was associated with liver function in Korean adults, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. The baseline cross-sectional study involved 2,086 adults (male: 908, female: 1,178) in 2010−2011, and 503 of them (male: 207, female: 296) were followed up in 2014−2015. BCd was measured by graphite-furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, and liver function indices (aspartate aminotransferase [AST], alanine aminotransferase [ALT], and γglutamyltransferase [GGT]) were determined. Liver damage was de ned as an abnormal elevation of more than one liver function index. The geometric mean of BCd (1.07 µg/L) was higher in females than in males (1.16 vs. 0.96 µg/L). Liver function indices increased signi cantly in a dose-dependent manner according to the BCd levels, except for ALT in males, and were higher in males than in females. BCd level was also associated with the risk of liver damage in both sexes. No signi cant changes in BCd were observed between baseline and follow-up. The liver function indices in 2014−2015 were comparable to those in 2010−2011 in males, while ALT and GGT were signi cantly increased in 2014−2015 compared to 2010−2011 in females with relatively high BCd. These ndings suggest that even a low level of environmental Cd exposure, short-and long-term, may affect liver function, and females appear more susceptible than males.

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Environmental Cadmium Exposure on the Liver in Korean Adults: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Studies

Seo

Eom

Lim

et al. 2023

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

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“…& Ivanenko, A.A., 2013). In addition, the increasing production and usage of cadmium compounds lead to a sufficient enhancement of cadmium concentration in the environment (Ikeda et al, 2000;Aghajanian & Skalny, 2001;Lyon et al, 2002;Onishchenko, 2003;Stepanova, 2003 ). Alcohol has complex toxic effects on the human organism (Gerke, P., Hapke, U., Rumpf, H. J., & John, U., 1997;McIntosh, C., & Chick, J.,2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elemental Composition and Morphological Characteristics of Kidney under the Influence of Toxicants

Kiyaeva¹,

Нотова²,

Алиджанова³

et al. 2015

MAS

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Morphological changes and element status in laboratory animals under the influence of ethanol and cadmium were studied. Male Wistar rats were under investigation. Experimental animals received standard diet and in addition 15% ethanol solution and cadmium sulfate orally. Histologic and morphometric studies were done. Routine Mayer's hematoxylin and eosin stain for renal histological sections was used. Ocular micrometer МОВ-1-15х1500 and software "Test Morpho 4.0" were used for investigation of histological and cytological structures of kidneys. Digital images were produced by microscope "Micros" (Austria).The methods of inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy and atomic emission spectroscopy (Optima 2000 DV and ELAN 9000, PerkinElmer, USA) were used for the elemental study of samples.The combined effect of ethanol and cadmium sulfate caused renal damage which was confirmed morphologically. It was found that 65% nephrons were exposed to destruction with microinfarctions. Volume of 80% renal corpuscles was reduced, but volume of nephrocytes was extended at all levels of nephron. Cavities of the renal tubule were extended in the area of Henle's loop. In addition to kidney damage the concentrations of Mg, P, As, Fe, Cu, Si, Zn were decreased and Cd concentration was increased in the blood of laboratory animals, who were exposed to ethanol and cadmium. The concentration of cadmium was 86 times (p ≤ 0,001) higher and the concentration of lead was 25 times (p ≤ 0.05) higher in the hair of animals from the experimental group than in the hair of animals from the control group.

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“…4 Further, Cd causes multiple organ injuries after acute and chronic exposure to higher doses. 2 One epidemiological study 5 reported that the incidence of human hepatic dysfunction does not correlate with levels of exposure to Cd. It is possible that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is responsible for the lack of correlation between the incidence of human hepatic dysfunction and the levels of Cd exposure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ostensibly ineffectual doses of cadmium and lipopolysaccharide causes liver damage in rats

Periasamy

Hsu

et al. 2010

Hum Exp Toxicol

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Various hepatotoxicants co-treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) have the potential to cause severe hepatic damage. Whether co-treatment with ostensibly ineffectual (without effect on customary clinical liver function tests, such as aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase) doses of cadmium (Cd) and LPS cause liver damage is still unknown. We examined the effects of treating ostensibly ineffectual doses of Cd and LPS on liver dysfunction as well as on liver histopathology. We injected rats with saline only, Cd only, LPS only, or a single ostensibly ineffectual dose of Cd (100 μg/kg body weight) plus LPS (0.1 mg/kg body weight). After 6 h, the rats were killed and their liver damage was assessed. Co-treated with ostensibly ineffectual doses of Cd and LPS had higher levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, hepatic lipid peroxidation, peroxynitrite, nitrite, and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), but lower levels of hepatic metallothionein (MT) than did that treated with saline only, Cd only, and LPS only. Histopathological analysis of Cd only and LPS only showed apparent liver damage, but Cd plus LPS showed marked hepatic damage. We conclude that co-treating the rats with ostensibly ineffectual doses of Cd and LPS is hepatotoxic. Cd promotes LPS-initiated oxidative-stress-associated liver damage by increasing IL-1β and decreasing MT levels in rats.

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Normal liver function in women in the general Japanese population subjected to environmental exposure to cadmium at various levels

Abstract: Overall, it seemed prudent to conclude that liver function as not disturbed by the current environmental exposure to Cd in Japan.

Cited by 7 publications

References 16 publications

Effects of Environmental Cadmium Exposure on the Liver in Korean Adults: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Studies

Effects of Environmental Cadmium Exposure on the Liver in Korean Adults: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Studies

Elemental Composition and Morphological Characteristics of Kidney under the Influence of Toxicants

Ostensibly ineffectual doses of cadmium and lipopolysaccharide causes liver damage in rats

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