Normal-Coordinate Analysis of Poly(vinyl chloride) and Deuterated Analogs

Tasumi, Mitsuo; Shimanouchi, Takehiko

doi:10.1295/polymj.2.62

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Such spectra are depicted in Figure for the specimens whose reflectance spectra were given in Figure . It is evident that the spectral regions 580−720, 900−1000, 1220−1285, and 1300−1350 cm -1 are most sensitive to polarization of the incident radiation, in agreement with previous transmission studies of PVC thin films. − Bands in these regions have been assigned to C−Cl stretching, CH 2 rocking, CH 2 bending, and CH 2 wagging modes, respectively. , In the present investigation the 580−720 cm -1 C−Cl stretching region is being utilized, which can be deconvoluted into eight or 10 Lorentzian peaks according to previous infrared 67,68,70 and Raman , studies. Table lists the position of the infrared peaks found in previous works, with some of the proposed assignments.…”

Section: Analysis and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…[64][65][66][67][68][69][70] Bands in these regions have been assigned to C-Cl stretching, CH 2 rocking, CH 2 bending, and CH 2 wagging modes, respectively. 64,71 In the present investigation the 580-720 cm -1 C-Cl stretching region is being utilized, which can be deconvoluted into eight or 10 Lorentzian peaks according to previous infrared 67,68,70 and Raman 72,73 studies. Table 1 lists the position of the infrared peaks found in previous works, with some of the proposed assignments.…”

Section: Analysis and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polarized Resonance Raman and FTIR Reflectance Spectroscopic Investigation of the Molecular Orientation in Industrial Poly(vinyl chloride) Specimens

Voyiatzis¹,

Andrikopoulos²,

Papatheodorou³

et al. 2000

Macromolecules

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The molecular orientation of uniaxially drawn commercial poly(vinyl chloride), PVC, specimens has been investigated by polarized Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) in the specular reflectance mode and by resonance Raman scattering in various combinations of sample orientation, scattering configuration and polarization geometry. The orientation was examined as a function of the specimen draw ratio. The Kramers-Kronig transformation has been used to obtain infrared absorption spectra from the FTIR reflectance data; the orientation was determined by the dichroic ratio of the C-Cl stretching and CH 2 rocking modes of PVC. The resonance Raman spectra of polyene segments that result from partial thermal degradation/dehydrochlorination of PVC during processing have been utilized in order to determine the parameters of the orientation distribution function. The all-trans conjugated polyene sequences formed during degradation are considered as rodlike segments in the polymer backbone and are used as indicators of orientation within the amorphous-like polymer phase. As far as the trends are concerned, data analysis showed good agreement between FTIR and Raman results regarding the induced molecular orientation in industrial PVC specimens.

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Section: Analysis and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Analysis and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polarized Resonance Raman and FTIR Reflectance Spectroscopic Investigation of the Molecular Orientation in Industrial Poly(vinyl chloride) Specimens

Voyiatzis¹,

Andrikopoulos²,

Papatheodorou³

et al. 2000

Macromolecules

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“…Further the chlorine involving force constants were transferred from poly vinylidene chloride22 because of the localized nature of modes related to chlorine atom. The accuracy was further judged by examining the effectiveness of force constants in other chlorine containing molecules e.g., poly vinyl chloride 23. The set of force constants so composed was later refined to give the “best fit” to the observed spectra.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunologic characteristics of intrarenal T cells: Trafficking of expanded CD8+ T cell β‐chain clonotypes in progressive lupus nephritis

Winchester

Wiesendanger

Zhang

et al. 2012

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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Objective To better define the immunologic character of the T cell infiltrate in lupus nephritis. Methods We performed double immunohistochemical staining and clonotypic T cell receptor (TCR) beta-chain sequencing in multiple anatomic regions isolated by laser-capture microdissection from renal biopsies. Results SLE kidneys have a variably patterned and often extensive infiltrate of predominantly clonally expanded T cells of CD4 and CD8 lineages. CD4 T cells were prominent in nearly two-thirds of SLE biopsies, and distributed as broad periglomerular aggregates or intermixed with CD8 T cells forming periglomerular caps. Sequencing of the T cell TCR from periglomerular regions showed a predominance of clonally expanded T cells. The CD8 T cells, which were present in all biopsies, often adhered to Bowman's capsule and infiltrated the tubular epithelium. They exhibited features that suggest participation in an adaptive immune response: differentiation into CD28null memory-effector phenotype, trafficking of the same expanded clonotype to different regions of the kidney and to the peripheral blood, and clonal persistence for years in repeat biopsies. CD8 T cell tubulitis was especially associated with progressive changes. Conclusions The immunological characteristics of the infiltrating CD4 and CD8 T cells in the lupus kidney indicate they have the potential to mediate injury, which may be relevant to development of progressive renal failure. Whereas the oligoclonality of the CD4 T cell infiltrate is consistent with the paradigm of SLE as a class II-associated autoimmune disease, the finding of CD8 T cell clonality and trafficking implies participation in a distinct systemic adaptive immune response.

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“…These include polymers of (a) commercial interest [polyethylene , poly(a-olefins) (39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47), other vinyl polymers (48)(49)(50)(51)(52)(53)(54), polytetrafluoroethylene (55)(56)(57)(58)(59)(60), polyethers (61)(62)(63)(64)(65)(66)(67)(68)(69)(70), polyamides (71)(72)(73)(74), polyvinylidene fluoride (75), polychloroprene (76), poly butadiene (77,78), and cellulose (79)] and of (b) biological interest [polyglycine (80)(81)(82)(83)(84)(85)(86)(87)(88)(89)…”

Section: Vibrations Of Conformationally Regular Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Vibrations of Polymers

Fanconi¹

1980

Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.

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Normal-Coordinate Analysis of Poly(vinyl chloride) and Deuterated Analogs

Cited by 14 publications

References 9 publications

Polarized Resonance Raman and FTIR Reflectance Spectroscopic Investigation of the Molecular Orientation in Industrial Poly(vinyl chloride) Specimens

Polarized Resonance Raman and FTIR Reflectance Spectroscopic Investigation of the Molecular Orientation in Industrial Poly(vinyl chloride) Specimens

Immunologic characteristics of intrarenal T cells: Trafficking of expanded CD8+ T cell β‐chain clonotypes in progressive lupus nephritis

Molecular Vibrations of Polymers

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