Normal and Isoprenoid Hydrocarbons Isolated from Oil-Shale Bitumen.

AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS OBTAINED BY THERMAL CONVERSION OF GREEN RIVER OIL SHALE KEROGEN USING CO AND H2O AT ELEVATED PRESSURE

“…g r e a t deal of research has been done o n t h e characterization of aliphatic hydrocarbons in Green R i v e r oil shale (Cummins a n d Robinson, 1964;Burlingame e t al., 1965;H i l l s e t al., 1966;M u r p h y e t al., 1967;Anderson e t al., 1969;Henderson e t al., 1969; Anders a n d Robinson, 1971;Gallegos, 1971;Wardroper e t al., 1977; a n d Chong et al, 1979). L i t t l e characterization w o r k has been done on t h e aromatic hydrocarbons in Green R i v e r oil shale except b y Anders e t al.…”

Mass Spectrometry in Organic Geochemistry

“…DEAN and WHITEHEAD [119] first reported phytane, and MAIR et al [120] identified the C I4 and C I5 isoprenoids in a light gas oil fraction. From the Colorado Green River Formation the C 15 , C 16 , C 18 , C I9 and C 20 isoprenoids have been reported [113,121,122] and a series of isoprenoids has been isolated from the Precambrian Nonesuch Shale [113,122]. Extensive mass spectral data are given also in the papers by JOHNS et al [109] and VAN HOEVEN et al [110] reporting on the isolation of a range of isoprenoids from a great variety of shales and oils, including the Precambrian Soudan formation [123].…”

Occurrence of Isoprenoid Alkanes in a Precambrian Sediment

“…Thus pristane (2,6,10,14 -tetramethylpentadecane, IV) and other isoprenoid hydrocarbons (e. g. 1-111, V ) have been isolated from, o r identified in, crude petroleums of moderate ages (Mesozoic and Paleozoic) in concentrations vastly greater than those anticipated for individual branched alkanes in a thermally-derived mixture (Dean and Whitehead, 1961;Bendoraitis et al, 1962; for other papers, see Cummins and Robinson, 1964). P r i stane is a known constituent of living things [inter alia zooplankton (Blumer e t al, 1963), fishand whale oils (Hallgren and Larsson, 1963;Lambertsen and Holman, 1963, and references cited therein), wool wax (Mold e t al, 1963(Mold e t al, -b, 1964) and marine sponges (Bergmann, 1963)l.…”

“…This batch-wise approach would A s a preliminary assay with geologic material we chose to repeat the recent and highly significant work of Cummins and Robinson (1964) on the Green River Shale from Rifle, Colorado. (Meinschein, 1963).…”

“…These included the alkane fractions of known composition derived from tobacco leaf wax (Mole e t al, 1963a) and a Colorado oil shale (Cummins and Robinson, 1964). …”