Nordic-Baltic Countries and China: Trends in Trade and Investment

Kalendienė, Jonė; Pukelienė, Violeta; Dapkus, Mindaugas

doi:10.1142/9789813221819_0004

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Economic security is an issue as there is an ongoing large trade imbalance, in which Chinese exports to the Baltic States increasingly outweigh Baltic exports to China 33 . Furthermore, Baltic exports to China are strongly in the food area (particularly dairy produce); while Chinese exports to the three Baltic States are strong in finished industrial products (machinery, technology).…”

Section: Regionalization: "17+1" and Beyondmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Going Global” and Regionalization in EU-China Relationship: Perspective from the Baltics

Šteinbuka¹,

Bērziņa-Čerenkova

Sprūds

2019

European Studies

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Summary This paper outlines the complex trends of the EU-China relationship. The EU and China have an extensive and growing economic engagement. China’s “going global” and the Belt and Road initiative may provide further opportunities for cooperation. However, considerable challenges, concerns and uncertainty exist. There is a divergence of values and diversity of interests. The wider frameworks and regional formats, such as 17+1 have mixed results. Moreover, tense relations between the US and China complicate even further complex and delicate balance of interests and expectations between the EU and China. This study identifies the existing trends and add the new contributing impetus to EU-China relations from the Baltic perspective.

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Section: Regionalization: "17+1" and Beyondmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Going Global” and Regionalization in EU-China Relationship: Perspective from the Baltics

Šteinbuka¹,

Bērziņa-Čerenkova

Sprūds

2019

European Studies

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“…Economic security is also an issue insofar as there is an ongoing large trade imbalance, in which Chinese exports to the Baltic States increasingly outweigh Baltic exports to China (Kalendienė et al, 2017). Furthermore, Baltic exports to China are strongly in the food area (particularly dairy produce); while Chinese exports to the three Baltic States are strong in finished industrial products (machinery, technology).…”

Section: Geo-economic Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

China and the Baltic States: strategic challenges and security dilemmas for Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia

Scott

2018

Journal on Baltic Security

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The article considers traditional and non-traditional security concerns faced by the Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania in the face of China’s increasing presence. Consequently the article first considers the geo-economic challenges posed to these Baltic States through the China and Central and East Europe Countries (CCEEC) grouping, and China’s Silk Road Economic Belt (SREB) initiative. This economic leverage translates to political leverage able to be exerted on the Baltic states by China, with regard to human rights and the issue of the Dalai Lama. Moreover, such mechanisms and Chinese financing serves to politically divide the Baltic states, and also divides EU solidarity vis-à-vis China. Finally there are the conventional security issues posed to the Baltic states in the Russia-China naval exercises carried out in Baltic waters in 2017; with China’s role in effect providing implicit support and legitimisation of explicit Russian threats in the Baltic. It concludes by suggesting alternative infrastructure routings to at least reduce the threat of Russian interference.

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Spatial Diffusion of Asian Direct Investments in the Northern European Eu Countries

Kuznetsov

2021

Balt. Reg.

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The first publications on the spatial diffusion of foreign direct investment (FDI) appeared in the 1970s-1990s. Since then, many of their provisions have been repeatedly criticized as outdated and inconsistent with the empirical evidence of the current stage of globalisation. Previously, only examples of ‘newcomers’ to internationalisation were used to illustrate distinct phases in the expansion of transnational companies and their effort to first establish themselves in major economic centres, as the factor of gradually growing awareness of potential investors began to play an important role. This article aims to show the persistent character of FDI spatial diffusion patterns and their correlation with the existing hierarchy of cities. In our research, we used the example of Asian companies working in the Baltic countries, Finland, Sweden and Denmark, newcomers to internationalisation, not affected by the ‘neighbourhood effect’, and contrasted them with Western European investors. We confirmed the validity of the hierarchical wave model of the FDI spatial diffusion with the dominance of metropolitan urban agglomerations. It was also found that mergers and acquisitions are dominant forms of FDI in developed countries. Their ascendancy leads both to a distortion of the geographical pattern of subsidiaries networks of investor companies and to the intention of investors to sell their assets in provinces and move their head offices closer to capital cities. Consequently, there is a simplification of the structure of businesses, which is typical of the earlier stages of the FDI spatial diffusion.

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Nordic-Baltic Countries and China: Trends in Trade and Investment

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

“Going Global” and Regionalization in EU-China Relationship: Perspective from the Baltics

“Going Global” and Regionalization in EU-China Relationship: Perspective from the Baltics

China and the Baltic States: strategic challenges and security dilemmas for Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia

Spatial Diffusion of Asian Direct Investments in the Northern European Eu Countries

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