Noradrenergic Source of Dopamine Assessed by Microdialysis in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex

Devoto, Paola; Sagheddu, Claudia; Santoni, Michele; Flore, Giovanna; Saba, Pierluigi; Pistis, Marco; Gessa, Gian Luigi

doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.588160

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 93 publications

(155 reference statements)

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“…Although some of the DA in the PFC originates from the VTA (Kiyatkin, 1995;Schmidt et al, 2017), LC terminals in the PFC also contain and release DA (Devoto et al, 2015;Devoto et al, 2020). Thus, we measured DA in the dorsal pons/LC and PFC of Dbh+/-and Dbh-/-mice following transfer to a new clean cage (odorless control) or a new clean cage with a novel odorant (palmarosa).…”

Section: Novel Odorant Exposure Induces Regional Changes In Central C...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Norepinephrine and dopamine contribute to distinct repetitive behaviors induced by novel odorant stress in male and female mice

Lustberg

Liu²,

Iannitelli³

et al. 2022

Hormones and Behavior

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Section: Novel Odorant Exposure Induces Regional Changes In Central C...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Norepinephrine and dopamine contribute to distinct repetitive behaviors induced by novel odorant stress in male and female mice

Lustberg

Liu²,

Iannitelli³

et al. 2022

Hormones and Behavior

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“…These findings were recently corroborated by the fact that 24% of patients suffering from late-onset depression exhibited a nigrostriatal dopaminergic deficit in 123I-Ioflupane SPECT (Kazmi et al, 2020 ). However, the VTA is not the only source of dopamine, as it can also be released from LC terminals in the hippocampus (Kempadoo et al, 2016 ) and prefrontal cortex (Devoto et al, 2020 ) indicating that a neuronal LC loss could entail impaired dopamine release as a possible consequence. Depression due to LC degeneration might be thereby explained.…”

Section: Noradrenergic Mechanisms Inducing Psychiatric Symptoms In Prmentioning

confidence: 99%

Locus Coeruleus Malfunction Is Linked to Psychopathology in Prodromal Dementia With Lewy Bodies

Hansen

2021

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Background: The locus coeruleus (LC) is a nucleus in the human brainstem with a variety of noradrenaline-driven functions involved in cognition, emotions, and perception. Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) constitutes a neurodegenerative disease involving deposits of alpha-synuclein, first appearing in the brainstem. The goal of this narrative review is to delineate the relationship between the expression of psychiatric symptoms as an early-onset of DLB and the degeneration of the LC's noradrenaline system.Methods: We searched in PubMed for relevant articles concerning LC degeneration and psychiatric symptoms in prodromal DLB in this narrative review. We rely on the McKeith criteria for prodromal psychiatric DLB.Results: We found four studies that document neuronal loss, deposits of Lewy bodies and other hints for neurodegeneration in the LC in patients with DLB. Furthermore, we reviewed theories and studies on how the degenerated noradrenaline LC system contributes to psychiatric DLB's phenotype. We hypothesized how anxiety, hallucinations, delusions, and depressive symptoms might occur in DLB patients due to degenerated noradrenergic neurons entailing consecutive altered noradrenergic transmission in the LC's projection areas.Conclusions: LC degeneration in prodromal DLB might cause psychiatric symptoms as the first and non-motor manifestation of DLB, as the LC is affected earlier by degeneration than are dopaminergic structures such as the substantia nigra, which are impaired later in the disease course.

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“…Acidification can depolarize LC neurons and increase their firing rates [86,87]. The LC noradrenergic system, which provides the widespread distribution and branching of the noradrenergic neurons throughout the whole brain, releases not only norepinephrine but also dopamine in the cerebral cortex (including PFC) and hippocampus [88][89][90][91][92]. Thus, in schizophrenia patients, the low brain pH may alter dopamine release from LC noradrenergic neurons in these regions.…”

Section: Noradrenergic Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased Brain pH and Pathophysiology in Schizophrenia

Park

Choi

Leem

2021

IJMS

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Postmortem studies reveal that the brain pH in schizophrenia patients is lower than normal. The exact cause of this low pH is unclear, but increased lactate levels due to abnormal energy metabolism appear to be involved. Schizophrenia patients display distinct changes in mitochondria number, morphology, and function, and such changes promote anaerobic glycolysis, elevating lactate levels. pH can affect neuronal activity as H+ binds to numerous proteins in the nervous system and alters the structure and function of the bound proteins. There is growing evidence of pH change associated with cognition, emotion, and psychotic behaviors. Brain has delicate pH regulatory mechanisms to maintain normal pH in neurons/glia and extracellular fluid, and a change in these mechanisms can affect, or be affected by, neuronal activities associated with schizophrenia. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of the cause and effect of decreased brain pH in schizophrenia based on postmortem human brains, animal models, and cellular studies. The topic includes the factors causing decreased brain pH in schizophrenia, mitochondria dysfunction leading to altered energy metabolism, and pH effects on the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. We also review the acid/base transporters regulating pH in the nervous system and discuss the potential contribution of the major transporters, sodium hydrogen exchangers (NHEs), and sodium-coupled bicarbonate transporters (NCBTs), to schizophrenia.

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Noradrenergic Source of Dopamine Assessed by Microdialysis in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex

Cited by 17 publications

References 93 publications

Norepinephrine and dopamine contribute to distinct repetitive behaviors induced by novel odorant stress in male and female mice

Norepinephrine and dopamine contribute to distinct repetitive behaviors induced by novel odorant stress in male and female mice

Locus Coeruleus Malfunction Is Linked to Psychopathology in Prodromal Dementia With Lewy Bodies

Decreased Brain pH and Pathophysiology in Schizophrenia

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