Nootropic, neuroprotective and neurotrophic effects of phloretin in scopolamine induced amnesia in mice

The effect of phloretin on synaptic proteins and adult hippocampal neurogenesis in Aβ (1-42)-injected male Wistar rats

“…Furthermore, nootropic, neuroprotective and neurotrophic effects of phloretin in a scopolamine‐induced amnesia model have been recently demonstrated in our laboratory. Specifically, PHL normalized levels of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) which were found to be significantly reduced in the scopolamine‐injected mice . This finding is consistent with the considerable literature suggesting a role for neurotrophins in the survival, maintenance and regeneration of neuronal cells in the brain.…”

“…This in turn would protect synaptic functioning and associated plasticity which is very early pathological hallmark of AD. The beneficial effects of phloretin could be attributed to its neurotrophic effect by modulating BDNF which was found in the scopolamine‐induced amnesia mice model . The positive role of BDNF on synaptic functioning and maintenance is established as is the detrimental effect of Aβ (1‐42) in significantly reducing its expression in the hippocampus.…”

“…The stereotaxic coordinates were; for Cornus ammonis 1 (CA1) region of hippocampus: anterior–posterior −2.8 mm, mediolateral ±1.5 mm and dorsoventral −3 mm. The 5 mg/kg dose of phloretin was selected on basis of its significant effect on BDNF levels in the preliminary study conducted in a scopolamine‐induced mice model . Animals weighing 200–250 g were randomly divided into five groups containing 12 animals in each group.…”

“…The classification of groups is as follows: group I was Sham control, group II was injected 2 μl with Aβ (1‐42) at 200 μ m , group III was pretreated with PHL 5 mg/kg p.o and injected Aβ (1‐42), group IV was PHL 5 mg/kg p.o, and group V was pretreated with donepezil 5 mg/kg p.o and injected with Aβ (1‐42). The preliminary study results demonstrated that donepezil did not cause any significant elevated effect on the BDNF levels in the hippocampus although it was found to be effective on acetylcholinesterase and oxidative stress biomarkers . Group V was included in this study to understand whether donepezil would provide any ameliorative effect on the neurogenesis biomarkers irrespective of its insignificant effect on BDNF.…”

Ferulic acid ameliorates memory impairment in d-galactose-induced aging mouse model

“…DON and FA were suspended in 0.5% CMC-Na solution. DON was used as the positive control and the dose of DON was selected with reference to a previous report (Ghumatkar et al 2015). After behavioral tests, mice were sacrificed and brain tissues were immediately collected for experiments or stored at À80 C for later examinations.…”