Nonwoven Hemostatic Dressings Formed by Contact Drawing of Interposed Polyethylene Oxide (PEO)‐Fibrinogen and PEO‐Thrombin Microfibers

Abstract

Textiles containing interposed layers of polyethylene oxide (PEO)‐fibrinogen and PEO‐thrombin fibers are explored as biomaterials for hemostasis. The PEO‐fibrinogen and PEO‐thrombin fibers are formed by contact drawing, an approach that uses an entangled polymer solution and a pin array to form fibers by extension of liquid bridges. The interposition of the PEO‐fibrinogen and PEO‐thrombin fibers results in polymerization of a fibrin hydrogel mesh once the textile is hydrated. This fibrin hydrogel mesh displays the expected bands and diffraction peaks by Fourier‐transform infrared spectromicroscopy and X‐ray diffraction, respectively. The functionality of the hemostatic textiles formed from the interposed PEO‐fibrinogen and PEO‐thrombin fibers is demonstrated by analyzing human blood hemolysis, complement activation, protein adsorption, and platelet and leukocyte adhesion, indicating compatibility with human blood (hemolysis ratio <5%), with minimal inflammatory response (levels of terminal complement complex equivalent to plasma). The cytocompatibility and potential for cell remodeling of the fibrin hydrogel mesh formed by this process is evaluated with human dermal fibroblasts and human keratinocytes and it is found that both cell types attach and grow on the fibrin mesh. Finally, a whole blood clotting time of less than 30 s suggests a potential use of this material in hemorrhage control.

Bionic Functional Surgical Suture with Hierarchical Micro–Nano Dimensions for Rotator Cuff Repair: Inducing Process‐Matching Mechanobiological and Biological Responses Adapted to the Regeneration

“…[ 25 ] After being treated with Fg/thrombin/FIV composite solution to form the fibrin temporary chemotactic layer, two small diffraction peaks were observed at 31.70° and 45.47° from TC‐nySS, indicating the presence of fibrin structure. [ 57 ] In addition, the Fb network in the TC‐nySS (41.38° ± 0.61°) significantly increased the hydrophilicity of nySS (86.60° ± 5.19°) (Figure 1j).…”

Micro–nano hierarchical scaffold providing temporal-matched biological constraints for tendon reconstruction

“…From the PLGA and NY, two high-intensity diffraction peaks can be identified at 21.70 • and 28.38 • , which demonstrate the semi-crystalline structures of the PLGA material [62]. While two diffraction peaks appeared at 31.70 • and 45.47 • in Fb-NY, indicating the presence of fibrin [80]. Compared with PLGA and PLGA NY, the crystallinity was increased for Fb-NY, which may be attributed to the distinctive banding pattern of fibrin fibers and its ordered molecular arrangement in the longitudinal direction [81].…”

Surface modification strategies for improved hemocompatibility of polymeric materials: a comprehensive review

“…Similarly, Liu et al (2022) 183 prepared a chitosan/PEO nanofiber membrane for rapid hemostasis and accelerated wound healing. Verma et al (2023) 184 prepared a nonwoven hemostatic dressing which was composed of PEO–fibrin and PEO–thrombin microfibers that can facilitate whole blood clotting in less than 30 s. Barba et al (2018) 185 utilized carboxymethyl cellulose, kappa-carrageenan, and PEO to prepare a hemostatic dressing that achieved hemorrhage control in a rat model within 90 s. All these synthetically derived hemostatic materials offered potentially superior hemostasis and hemorrhage control over the traditionally utilized hemostatic agents.…”