Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Resistance to Antibiotics and Disinfectants: Challenges Still Ahead

Tarashi, Samira; Siadat, Seyed Davar; Fateh, Abolfazl

doi:10.1155/2022/8168750

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…First, NTM infections possess several internal antimicrobial resistance mechanisms such as an impermeable cell wall and formation of granulomas, which reduces antimicrobial influx. Second, the long-term treatment of NTM infections leads to the development of drug resistance ( 16 ). According to the American Thoracic Society, Infectious Diseases Society of America, and Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, the latest recommended NTM drugs include macrolides, clofazimine, quinolones, sulfonamides, linezolid, aminoglycosides, bedaquiline, and tetracyclines ( 17 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Report: Mycobacterium senegalense Infection After Cholecystectomy

Zhou

Gong

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundMycobacterium senegalense is a non-tuberculous mycobacterium and is found everywhere in the environment. However, M. senegalense infection in human is extremely rare, especially in immunocompetent individuals. It is difficult to detect M. senegalense infection because its symptoms are non-specific, and routine diagnostic tests are less sensitive. It is also resistant to commonly used antibiotics. Here, we report the first case of M. senegalense infection after laparoscopic cholecystectomy in China.Case PresentationA 55-year-old man was admitted because of repeated infections at multiple incision sites for more than 1 year. Although routine diagnostic test results were negative, metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) identified DNA sequences of M. senegalense in tissue samples from incision sites. The presence of M. senegalense was further confirmed by polymerase chain reaction and capillary electrophoresis. After 60 days of quadruple therapy with clarithromycin, moxifloxacin, rifampicin, and oxycycline, the patient's wound healed.ConclusionWe believe the case findings contribute to the limited amount of knowledge about M. senegalense infection and raises awareness that this infection can result in poor wound healing, even in an immunocompetent host. Owing to a lack of early, precise diagnosis, it is difficult to treat M. senegalense infections. Based on our findings, mNGS is a sensitive diagnostic test for M. senegalense infections.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Report: Mycobacterium senegalense Infection After Cholecystectomy

Zhou

Gong

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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“…Further, individual mutations at T1406, C1409 and G1491 have also indicated considerable resistance to aminoglycoside in most M. abscessus subspecies (Nessar et al, 2011). Similar to other bacteria, NTM present with low-level aminoglycoside resistance through the production of drugmodifying enzymes including acetyltransferases (Sanz-García et al, 2019), phosphorylases, adenylates, and methylases which act at various points on the aminoglycoside scaffold making it less potent (Krause et al, 2016;Munita & Arias, 2016;Sanz-García et al, 2019;Tarashi et al, 2022;Zaragoza Bastida et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutation patterns of resistance genes for macrolides, aminoglycosides, and rifampicin in nontuberculous mycobacteria isolates from Kenya

et al. 2022

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Background: Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) treatment constitutes a macrolide-based antibiotic regimen in combination with aminoglycosides for Rapid-Growing mycobacteria (RGM), and rifampicin for Slow-Growing mycobacteria (SGM). Mutations in the anti-NTM drug target regions promote NTM evolution to mutant strains that are insusceptible to NTM drugs leading to treatment failure. We, therefore, described the mutation patterns of anti-NTM drug target genes including rrl, rrs, and rpoB in NTM isolates from Kenya. Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study that included 122 NTM obtained from the sputum of symptomatic tuberculosis-negative patients in Kenya. All the 122 NTM underwent targeted sequencing of the rrl gene. The 54 RGM were also sequenced for rrs, and the 68 SGM were sequenced for rpoB genes using ABI 3730XL analyzer. The obtained sequences were aligned to their wild-type reference sequences for each gene using Geneious then mutations were identified. Pearson chi-square at 95% confidence interval tested the association of NTM to mutation patterns for each gene. Results: Twenty-eight (23%) of the NTM harbored mutations associated with resistance to at least one of the macrolide-based therapy antibiotics. Twelve (10.4%) NTM comprising 7(58.3%) of RGM and 5(41.7%) of SGM had mutations in the rrl gene. For ten (83.3%) NTM, mutations were found at position 2058, while for two (16.6%) NTM, mutations were found at position 2059. Six (11.1%) of the 54 RGM exhibited mutations in the aminoglycoside target gene rrs at location 1408. Ten (14.7%) of the 68 SGM harbored mutations in the rpoB gene with 40 percent having mutations at codon 531. Conclusion: We demonstrated a significant level of mutations associated with drug resistance for macrolides, aminoglycosides, and rifampicin in NTM isolated from symptomatic TB negative patients in Kenya.

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“…Further, individual mutations at T1406, C1409 and G1491 have also indicated considerable resistance to aminoglycoside in most M. abscessus subspecies (Nessar et al, 2011). Similar to other bacteria, NTM present with low-level aminoglycoside resistance through the production of drug-modifying enzymes including acetyltransferases (Sanz-García et al, 2019), phosphorylases, adenylates, and methylases which act at various points on the aminoglycoside scaffold making it less potent (Krause et al, 2016;Munita & Arias, 2016;Sanz-García et al, 2019;Tarashi et al, 2022;Zaragoza Bastida et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutation patterns of resistance genes for macrolides, aminoglycosides, and rifampicin in nontuberculous mycobacteria isolates from Kenya

Mwangi

Naeku²,

Mureithi³

et al. 2022

F1000Res

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Background: Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) treatment constitutes a macrolide-based antibiotic regimen in combination with aminoglycosides for Rapid-Growing mycobacteria (RGM), and rifampicin for Slow-Growing mycobacteria (SGM). Mutations in the anti-NTM drug target regions promote NTM evolution to mutant strains that are insusceptible to NTM drugs leading to treatment failure. We, therefore, described the mutation patterns of anti-NTM drug target genes including rrl, rrs, and rpoB in NTM isolates from Kenya. Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study that included 122 NTM obtained from the sputum of symptomatic tuberculosis-negative patients in Kenya. All the 122 NTM underwent targeted sequencing of the rrl gene. The 54 RGM were also sequenced for rrs, and the 68 SGM were sequenced for rpoB genes using ABI 3730XL analyzer. The obtained sequences were aligned to their wild-type reference sequences for each gene using Geneious then mutations were identified. Pearson chi-square at 95% confidence interval tested the association of NTM to mutation patterns for each gene. Results: Twenty-eight (23%) of the NTM were resistant to at least one of the antibiotics used in the macrolide-based treatment. Twelve (10.4%) of NTM were macrolide resistant, with 7(58.3%) of RGM and 5(41.7%) of SGM having mutations in the rrl gene. For ten (83.3%) NTM, mutations were found at position 2058, while for two (16.6%) NTM, mutations were found at position 2059. Six (11.1%) of the 54 RGM exhibited mutations in the aminoglycoside target gene rrs at location 1408. Ten (14.7%) of the 68 SGM were resistant to rifampicin, with 40 percent having mutations at codon 531 in the rpoB gene. Conclusion: We demonstrated a significant level of drug resistance for macrolides, aminoglycosides and rifampicin in NTM isolated from symptomatic TB negative patients in Kenya.

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Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Resistance to Antibiotics and Disinfectants: Challenges Still Ahead

Cited by 20 publications

References 100 publications

Case Report: Mycobacterium senegalense Infection After Cholecystectomy

Case Report: Mycobacterium senegalense Infection After Cholecystectomy

Mutation patterns of resistance genes for macrolides, aminoglycosides, and rifampicin in nontuberculous mycobacteria isolates from Kenya

Mutation patterns of resistance genes for macrolides, aminoglycosides, and rifampicin in nontuberculous mycobacteria isolates from Kenya

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