Nontoxic Orbital Maneuvering and Reaction Control Systems for Reusable Spacecraft

Hurlbert, Eric A.; Applewhite, John; Nguyen, Tien M.; Reed, Brian D.; Zhang, Baojiong; Wang, Yue

doi:10.2514/2.5330

Cited by 45 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The prospects for new propellant combinations are an important aspect of research in the aerospace field [1,2]. The introduction of promoters (or inhibitors) allows variation of the ignition delays and the creation of fuel systems suitable for use in real engines [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic modelling of the ignition delays in monomethylhydrazine/hydrogen/oxygen/argon gaseous mixtures

Catoire

Ludwig²,

Dupré

et al. 1998

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G:

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic modelling of the ignition delays in monomethylhydrazine/hydrogen/oxygen/argon gaseous mixtures

Catoire

Ludwig²,

Dupré

et al. 1998

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G:

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“…Table 1 lists some of the properties of hydrazine. 1,14,19 In order to gain the acceptance that hydrazine did, any alternative will have to meet or improve upon the properties and/or performance of hydrazine. While some of these parameters are pertinent to performance such as the density, specific impulse, and resulting density specific impulse, others are more directly related to the hazardous nature of hydrazine.…”

Section: B Historical Use Of Hydrazinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] While bi-propellants offer some advantages in terms of handling and performance, the focus of this paper will be limited to monopropellant systems, because this is where much of the advancement in recent years has focused. In government and industry standards within the propulsion community there has not been a consistent definition of what constitutes "non-toxic" or "green", 11 and this paper will seek to provide some key figures of merit to help in the selection of propellant formulations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recommended Figures of Merit for Green Monopropellants

Marshall

Deans

2013

49th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference

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Hydrazine propellant has historically been used as a rocket thruster monopropellant since the mid-1960s. Mission managers are well aware of its characteristics and performance. However, it is a known toxic chemical and a wide effort is underway to reduce and/or eliminate its use worldwide. Several new propellant combinations have been developed in the last few years which tout or promise to provide same or better performance as hydrazine while being "non-toxic" or "green". Yet, there is no consistent definition for what constitutes "non-toxic" or "green", and thus no good figure of merit for which to compare. This paper seeks to review the three major categories of figures of merit, and discusses how they might be used to assess the viability of a propellant.

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“…Many investigations have been carried out to improve aerospace fuels and hydrogen peroxide is one of the propellants that is most attractive (Golovitchev et al, 1996;Hurlbert et al, 1998). When hydrogen peroxide is used as a fuel, it does not produce contamination because it is a monopropellant that liberates energy by dismutation in water and oxygen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar energy conversion by green microalgae: A photosystem for hydrogen peroxide production

Rosa

Montes

Galván

2001

Biotech & Bioengineering

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A photosystem for solar energy conversion, comprised of a culture of green microalgae supplemented with methyl viologen, is proposed. The capture of solar energy is based on the Mehler reaction. The reduction of methyl viologen by the photosynthetic apparatus and its subsequent reoxidation by oxygen produces hydrogen peroxide. This is a rich-energy compound that can be used as a nonpollutant and efficient fuel. Four different species of green microalgae, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (21gr) C. reinhardtii (CW15), Chlorella fusca, and Monoraphidium braunii, were tested as a possible biocatalyst. Each species presented a different efficiency level in the transformation of energy. Azide was an efficient inhibitor of the hydrogen peroxide scavenging system while maintaining photosynthetic activity of the microalgae, and thus significantly increasing the production of the photosystem. The strain C. reinhardtii (21gr), among the species studied, was the most efficient with an initial production rate of 185 micromol H(2)O(2)/h x mg Chl and reaching a maximum of 42.5 micromol H(2)O(2)/mg Chl when assayed in the presence of azide inhibitor.

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Nontoxic Orbital Maneuvering and Reaction Control Systems for Reusable Spacecraft

Cited by 45 publications

References 3 publications

Kinetic modelling of the ignition delays in monomethylhydrazine/hydrogen/oxygen/argon gaseous mixtures

Kinetic modelling of the ignition delays in monomethylhydrazine/hydrogen/oxygen/argon gaseous mixtures

Recommended Figures of Merit for Green Monopropellants

Solar energy conversion by green microalgae: A photosystem for hydrogen peroxide production

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