Nonsuicidal and Suicidal Self-Injury

Zareian, Bita; Klonsky, E. David

doi:10.4324/9781315164182-7

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…(i) The primary study sample involved young people with a history of self-harm. The definition of self-harm has been a point of controversy among researchers regarding the inclusion of suicidal intent in its definition (Butler & Malone, 2013;Zareian & Klonsky, 2019). Given the review is focused on help-seeking and not on the aetiology of self-harm, a broad definition of self-harm was adopted in this review, and studies where self-harm was described as an act of self-injury, irrespective of suicidal intent, were included.…”

Section: Inclusion Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of the Facilitators and Barriers to Help-Seeking for Self-Harm in Young People: A Systems Thinking Perspective

Cox,

Mills,

Hermens

et al. 2024

Adolescent Res Rev

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Young people who self-harm require support and resources to address their self-harm. However, they are often reluctant to seek help for their self-harm. Despite efforts to increase help-seeking, the rates of self-harm in this population continue to increase. A better understanding of the factors that influence help-seeking for self-harm in young people is necessary. This systematic review aimed to synthesize the existing literature on the known facilitators and barriers to help-seeking for self-harm in young people. Across the 33 studies included in this review, the age range of young people was 11 to 30 years. Facilitators and barriers to help-seeking for self-harm were extracted and mapped onto a systems thinking framework. The synthesis indicated that there were 17 known facilitators and twice as many barriers across the help-seeking system hierarchy. Most of these facilitators and barriers were related to lower levels of the system (i.e., service delivery and the social environment, and young people who self-harm). There was limited consideration of broader systemic factors that influence help-seeking for self-harm and the interactions between these facilitators and barriers in influencing help-seeking. Future research should consider the use of systems thinking frameworks and methods in understanding and addressing this complex problem.

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Section: Inclusion Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of the Facilitators and Barriers to Help-Seeking for Self-Harm in Young People: A Systems Thinking Perspective

Cox,

Mills,

Hermens

et al. 2024

Adolescent Res Rev

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show abstract

“…This review focused on adolescents specifically and self‐harm (including suicidal behaviour) rather than NSSI. NSSI is arguably qualitatively different to suicidal behaviour, with distinct functions, intentions, triggers, and consequences (Zareian & Klonsky, 2019), and may even be used as a way to prevent suicidal thoughts and behaviour (Klonsky, 2007; Muehlenkamp, 2014). Hence, synthesizing the literature specific to NSSI is important.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The interpersonal processes of non‐suicidal self‐injury: A systematic review and meta‐synthesis

et al. 2021

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Background. Understanding the processes underlying non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is important given the negative consequences of this behaviour. Qualitative research has the potential to provide an in-depth exploration of this. There has been limited research regarding the interpersonal processes associated with NSSI; therefore, a meta-synthesis was conducted to investigate this.Methods. A search of PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and CINAHL electronic databases from date of inception to November 2020 was conducted. In total, 30 papers were included in the final review. A meta-ethnographic approach was utilized to synthesize the data.Results. Twooverarchingthemeswerefound.Within'Powerfulrelationaldynamics',NSSI was cited as a response to participants becoming stuck in aversive or disempowering relational positions with others. Within the 'Taking matters into their own hands' subtheme, NSSI was reported as a way for participants to get interpersonal and emotional needs met.Limitations. Several included papers did not comment on the researcher-participant relationship, which may have affected qualitative results. A small number of potentially eligible papers were unavailable for synthesizing. Conclusion.Findings provide a more nuanced investigation of the interpersonal processes underlying NSSI. Consistent with relevant theories, NSSI appears to be a way of mitigating difficult interpersonal experiences or getting interpersonal needs met. NSSI may be engaged in as a substitute to other, less damaging ways to cope. An argument is made for a more empathetic understanding of NSSI and the use of relational interventions.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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“…NSSI behaviors tend to emerge in early adolescence, escalate during mid-adolescence/young adulthood, and then decline in early adulthood mirroring developmental patterns of suicidal thoughts and behaviors (Glenn et al, 2017a, 2017b; Plener, Schumacher, Munz, & Groschwitz, 2015). While NSSI is distinct from suicide in a variety of ways and many who self-injure do not become suicidal (Zareian & Klonsky, 2019), NSSI is emerging as a robust risk factor for suicide. A meta-analysis of prospective studies examining the relationship between self-injurious thoughts and behaviors to suicide attempts found that NSSI conferred the greatest risk for future attempts (OR 4.27); more so than suicide ideation (OR 1.88) and past suicide attempts (OR 3.61; Ribeiro et al, 2016).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Concurrent changes in nonsuicidal self-injury and suicide thoughts and behaviors

2022

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Background Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a risk factor for suicide, yet how changes in NSSI engagement relate to suicide ideation, planning, and attempts remains largely unknown. The current study aims to fill this gap by examining how changes in NSSI frequency over time related to concurrent changes in suicide thoughts and behaviors. Methods Data came from a sample of 403 self-injuring young adults who completed assessments of NSSI and suicide thoughts and behaviors at baseline, 6, and 12 months. Bivariate latent growth modeling, adjusting for covariates of lifetime NSSI frequency and treatment status, was used to examine the extent to which changes in NSSI frequency related to suicide ideation and suicide planning. Results The frequency of NSSI declined across the study period. The slopes of NSSI and suicide ideation were significantly correlated, suggesting individuals with sharper declines in NSSI across time also showed sharper declines in suicide ideation. The intercepts between NSSI and suicide planning were significantly correlated, suggesting those with high NSSI frequency at baseline tended to report higher suicide planning across time. After covariate adjustment, the intercept of suicide planning marginally (p = 0.08) correlated with the slope of NSSI, tentatively suggesting that those who had less reductions in NSSI tended to have higher frequencies of suicide planning. Conclusion These results provide new evidence that changes in NSSI are related to subsequent changes in suicide thoughts and behaviors. Monitoring suicide risk among those with NSSI is important and treatment aiming to reduce NSSI may also reduce suicide risk.

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Nonsuicidal and Suicidal Self-Injury

Cited by 5 publications

References 1 publication

A Systematic Review of the Facilitators and Barriers to Help-Seeking for Self-Harm in Young People: A Systems Thinking Perspective

A Systematic Review of the Facilitators and Barriers to Help-Seeking for Self-Harm in Young People: A Systems Thinking Perspective

The interpersonal processes of non‐suicidal self‐injury: A systematic review and meta‐synthesis

Concurrent changes in nonsuicidal self-injury and suicide thoughts and behaviors

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