Nonstationary spatial correlation in New Zealand strong ground‐motion data

Chen, Yilin; Bradley, Brendon; Baker, Jack W.

doi:10.1002/eqe.3516

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…Although this is likely a simplification for the systematic ground-motion effects, most of the non-ergodic GMM of this special issue did not use nonstationary and anisotropic kernel functions due to their additional computational challenge. Ground-motion studies that used non-stationary correlation structures include Kuehn and Abrahamson (2020) and Chen et al (2021). Other studies that applied non-stationary and anisotropic correlation structures to GP regressions include Paciorek and Schervish (2006) and Finley (2011).…”

Section: Covariance Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview and introduction to development of non-ergodic earthquake ground-motion models

Lavrentiadis¹,

Abrahamson

M.³

et al. 2022

Bull Earthquake Eng

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This paper provides an overview and introduction to the development of non-ergodic ground-motion models, GMMs. It is intended for a reader who is familiar with the standard approach for developing ergodic GMMs. It starts with a brief summary of the development of ergodic GMMs and then describes different methods that are used in the development of non-ergodic GMMs with an emphasis on Gaussian process (GP) regression, as that is currently the method preferred by most researchers contributing to this special issue. Non-ergodic modeling requires the definition of locations for the source and site characterizing the systematic source and site effects; the non-ergodic domain is divided into cells for describing the systematic path effects. Modeling the cell-specific anelastic attenuation as a GP, and considerations on constraints for extrapolation of the non-ergodic GMMs are also discussed. An updated unifying notation for non-ergodic GMMs is also presented, which has been adopted by the authors of this issue.

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Section: Covariance Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview and introduction to development of non-ergodic earthquake ground-motion models

Lavrentiadis¹,

Abrahamson

M.³

et al. 2022

Bull Earthquake Eng

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“…Although this is likely a simplification for the systematic ground-motion effects, most of the non-ergodic GMM of this special issue did not use non-stationary and anisotropic kernel functions due to their additional computational challenge. Ground-motion studies that used non-stationary correlation structures include Kuehn and Abrahamson (2020) and Chen et al (2021). Other studies that applied non-stationary and anisotropic correlation structures to GP regressions include Paciorek and Schervish (2006) and Finley (2011).…”

Section: Covariance Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview and Introduction to Development of Non-Ergodic Earthquake Ground-Motion Models

Lavrentiadis¹,

Abrahamson²,

M.³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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This paper provides an overview and introduction to the development of non-ergodic ground motion models, GMMs. It is intended for a reader who is familiar with the standard approach for developing ergodic GMMs. It starts with a brief summary of the development of ergodic GMMs and then describes different methods that are used in the development of nonergodic GMMs with an emphasis on Gaussian Process (GP) regression, as that is currently the method preferred by most researchers contributing in this special issue. Non-ergodic modeling requires the definition of locations for the source and site characterizing the systematic source and site effects; the non-ergodic domain is divided in cells for describing the systematic path effects. Modeling the cell-specific anelastic attenuation as a GP, and considerations on constraints for extrapolation of the non-ergodic GMMs are also discussed. An updated unifying notation for non-ergodic GMMs is also presented, which has been adopted by the authors of this issue.

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“…With this assumption, different station pairs with a given separation distance can be used to estimate the semivariogram, which is useful when there is a lack of station pairs with several simultaneous recordings. Recent research has analyzed the influence of source and path effects in non-stationary correlations, 22,25,30 whereas Chen et al 28 studied the non-stationary spatial correlation of ground-motions in New Zealand.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The spatial correlation of residuals of ground‐motion intensities has been extensively studied for the last 20 years 3–31 . In general, these studies combine several earthquakes for developing their models, although different authors have found a significantly large event‐to‐event variability, 12,23 even when exploring different events of the same seismic sequence 26 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is worth recalling that spatial correlation of ground‐motion residuals may be primarily influenced by (a) earthquake source effects, (b) 3‐D wave‐propagation path from source to site and site‐specific conditions, where sites with common wave‐propagation paths due to similar geological conditions tend to present higher correlations, and (c) the relative position of near station pairs with respect to the main fault asperities, where stations with similar relative position tend to exhibit higher correlations 6,22,26,28 . Physical causes of non‐stationarity in spatial correlations may be related to heterogeneous geological conditions, causing higher variations of spatial correlations, 28 beyond those that can be explained by only considering the separation distance as a determining variable. This is caused by the strong dependence of the 3‐D propagation path and the frequency content of earthquake waves on the regional geological conditions 15 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Within‐event spatial correlation of peak ground acceleration and spectral pseudo‐acceleration ordinates in the Chilean subduction zone

Aldea

Heresi

Pastén

2022

Earthq Engng Struct Dyn

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A regional seismic risk assessment requires the estimation of ground‐motion intensities at multiple locations for a given event simultaneously. In this context, the spatial correlation of ground‐motion residuals plays an important role in characterizing the probability distribution of the field of shaking intensities. Over the last 20 years, the spatial correlation of ground‐motions has been widely studied and different models have been developed. In general, these models vary from each other depending on the ground‐motion database used to generate them, on the adopted intensity measure, on the selected ground‐motion model, and on the estimation methods, among others. This paper proposes a spatial correlation model for within‐event residuals of peak ground acceleration and spectral pseudo‐acceleration ordinates in the Chilean subduction zone. Although the database considered for this study has only a few well‐recorded earthquakes, it contains a large number of station pairs sharing several common events. Therefore, we compute non‐stationary correlations between station pairs and then fit a stationary spatial correlation model. Results of this paper are compared with previous models, concluding that, in general, subduction models show higher spatial correlations than those for active shallow crust events for long‐period spectral ordinates. Moreover, no evidence was found for a systematic effect of earthquake magnitude or site conditions on spatial correlation. Finally, the proposed model is compared with a model obtained assuming stationarity in spatial correlations, showing more reliable estimates when using the proposed model.

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Nonstationary spatial correlation in New Zealand strong ground‐motion data

Cited by 9 publications

References 43 publications

Overview and introduction to development of non-ergodic earthquake ground-motion models

Overview and introduction to development of non-ergodic earthquake ground-motion models

Overview and Introduction to Development of Non-Ergodic Earthquake Ground-Motion Models

Within‐event spatial correlation of peak ground acceleration and spectral pseudo‐acceleration ordinates in the Chilean subduction zone

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