Nonspecific Cross Protection in Hamsters between Columbia SK Virus and Poliomyelitis Type II (MEF) Virus Infection

Bautista, Gonzalo; Jungeblut, Claus W.; Kodza, Helen

doi:10.1093/infdis/100.3.268

Cited by 1 publication

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“…Initially, the degree of relatedness of diverse poliomyelitis and mouse encephalomyelitis viruses was not clear (Dick 1949;Bautista et al 1957), but the original Columbia-SK, EMC and Mengo isolates, as well as viruses from diverse hosts, sampled across a broad geographical range, are now all recognised as members of a single EMCV species and serotype (Craighead 1965, Zimmerman 1994.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrospective genetic characterisation of Encephalomyocarditis viruses from African elephant and swine recovers two distinct lineages in South Africa

Sandwyk

Bennett

Swanepoel

et al. 2013

Veterinary Microbiology

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van Sandwyk, et al., Veterinary Microbiology, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2012 2 AbstractEncephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) outbreaks are rare in southern Africa. Only two have been reported to date from South Africa, both coinciding with rodent irruptions. The first outbreak manifested as acute myocarditis in pigs in 1979, whilst the second, occurring from 1993 to 1994, was linked to the deaths of 64 free-ranging adult African elephants (Loxodonta africana). The P1 genome region, inclusive of the flanking leader (L) and 2A genes, of three South African isolates, one from swine and two from elephants, was characterised by PCR amplification and sequencing of up to 11 overlapping fragments. In addition to the resulting 3329 nucleotide dataset, the 3D region that is widely used in molecular epidemiology studies, was characterised, and three datasets (P1, VP1/3 and 3D), complemented with available homologous EMCV data, were compiled for analyses. Phylogenetic inferences revealed the near-identical elephant outbreak strains to be most closely related to a mengovirus from rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) in Uganda, differing from the latter by between 11 % (3D) and 15 % (VP3/1). The South African pig isolate differed by 4 % (3D) and 11 % (VP3/1) from available European and Asian pig virus sequences. This study confirms the presence of two genetically distinct EMCV lineages from wild and domestic hosts in southern African, and provides valuable baseline data for future outbreak eventualities in the subregion.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%