Nonsense Mutation of an MYB Transcription Factor Is Associated with Purple-Blue Flower Color in Soybean

Takahashi, Ryōsuke; Benitez, Eduardo R.; Oyoo, Maurice E.; Khan, Nisar Ahmad; Komatsu, Setsuko

doi:10.1093/jhered/esr028

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…NMD is a quality-control mechanism that selectively degrades mRNA strands harbouring premature stop codons (Chang et al 2007). A similar mechanism has also been predicted to occur in soybeans with mutations in the F3 0 H and MYB genes (Toda et al 2002;Takahashi et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Two distinct spontaneous mutations involved in white flower development in Lilium speciosum

2015

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Lilium speciosum is one of the most important wild species used for breeding Oriental hybrid lily cultivars. Typical L. speciosum flowers possess red tepals and dark red anthers because of anthocyanin accumulation. However, white-flowered L. speciosum with two distinct phenotypes, one with white tepals and dark red anthers and the other with white tepals and yellow anthers, also exists. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying white colouration, we isolated two regulatory genes and eight biosynthetic genes responsible for anthocyanin pigmentation in L. speciosum and compared these in red-and white-flowered lines. In the white tepal line with dark red anthers, we detected an amino acid substitution in the R2 repeat of LsMYB12, the R2R3-MYB that regulates tepal-specific anthocyanin biosynthesis, which led to reduced anthocyanin biosynthetic gene transcription and no tepal pigmentation. This LsMYB12 sequence was identical to that of an LhMYB12 in the white-flowered Oriental hybrid lily cultivar 'Rialto', indicating that this LsMYB12 sequence is present in lines that have been used for breeding. In addition, a nonsense mutation was detected in the dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR) sequence of the white tepal line with yellow anthers, which resulted in a lack of anthocyanin accumulation in tepals and anthers. This mutated DFR has not been used for lily breeding because white tepal Oriental hybrid lily cultivars usually have dark red anthers. These results suggest that several mechanisms generate white flowers in lilies, and provide a substantial foundation for the production of Oriental hybrid lily cultivars with novel flower colour combinations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Two distinct spontaneous mutations involved in white flower development in Lilium speciosum

2015

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“…W3 and W4 encode dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR) [4,5]. W1 , W2 , Wm and Wp encode flavonoid 3′5′-hydroxylase, MYB transcription factor, flavonol synthase and flavanone 3-hydroxylase, respectively [6-10]. The roles of these genes in the biosynthesis of anthocyanin and flavonol are presented in Figure 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allelic variation of soybean flower color gene W4 encoding dihydroflavonol 4-reductase 2

Fan

Rodas

et al. 2014

BMC Plant Biol

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BackgroundFlower color of soybean is primarily controlled by six genes, viz., W1, W2, W3, W4, Wm and Wp. This study was conducted to investigate the genetic and chemical basis of newly-identified flower color variants including two soybean mutant lines, 222-A-3 (near white flower) and E30-D-1 (light purple flower), a near-isogenic line (Clark-w4), flower color variants (T321 and T369) descended from the w4-mutable line and kw4 (near white flower, Glycine soja).ResultsComplementation tests revealed that the flower color of 222-A-3 and kw4 was controlled by the recessive allele (w4) of the W4 locus encoding dihydroflavonol 4-reductase 2 (DFR2). In 222-A-3, a single base was deleted in the first exon resulting in a truncated polypeptide consisting of 24 amino acids. In Clark-w4, base substitution of the first nucleotide of the fourth intron abolished the 5′ splice site, resulting in the retention of the intron. The DFR2 gene of kw4 was not expressed. The above results suggest that complete loss-of-function of DFR2 gene leads to near white flowers. Light purple flower of E30-D-1 was controlled by a new allele at the W4 locus, w4-lp. The gene symbol was approved by the Soybean Genetics Committee. In E30-D-1, a single-base substitution changed an amino acid at position 39 from arginine to histidine. Pale flowers of T369 had higher expression levels of the DFR2 gene. These flower petals contained unique dihydroflavonols that have not yet been reported to occur in soybean and G. soja.ConclusionsComplete loss-of-function of DFR2 gene leads to near white flowers. A new allele of the W4 locus, w4-lp regulates light purple flowers. Single amino acid substitution was associated with light purple flowers. Flower petals of T369 had higher levels of DFR2 gene expression and contained unique dihydroflavonols that are absent in soybean and G. soja. Thus, mutants of the DFR2 gene have unique flavonoid compositions and display a wide variety of flower color patterns in soybean, from near white, light purple, dilute purple to pale.

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“…A loss-of-function mutation in a specific R2R3 MYB transcription factor gene (Glyma09g36990) in soybean resulted in a brown hilum and brown seed coat (Gillman et al, 2011). GmMYB-G20-1 is a candidate gene for the W2 locus, which generates a purple-blue color and a high vacuolar pH in soybean flower petals (Takahashi et al, 2011;Takahashi et al, 2013). Taken together, these data indicate that GmMYB proteins in soybean are involved in many plant-specific processes such as secondary metabolism and responses to hormones and environmental factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are 244 typical R2R3-MYB proteins in a primary soybean genome data set (Du et al, 2012). However, only 12 members of the MYB family have been functionally characterized, thus far, in soybean (Miyake et al, 2003;Yang, 2007;Liao et al, 2008;Du et al, 2008;Libault et al, 2009;Yi et al, 2010;Gillman et al, 2011;Takahashi et al, 2011). The functions of most plant MYB genes are unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overexpression of soybean R2R3-MYB transcription factor, GmMYB12B2, and tolerance to UV radiation and salt stress in transgenic Arabidopsis

Li¹,

Wang²,

Fan³

et al. 2016

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. MYB, v-myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog, proteins play central roles in plant stress response. Previously, we identified a novel R2R3-MYB transcription factor, GmMYB12B2, which affected the expression levels of some key enzyme genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis in transgenic Arabidopsis. In the present study, we analyzed the expression levels of GmMYB12B2 under salt, low temperature, drought, abscisic acid (ABA), and ultraviolet (UV) radiation treatments in soybean using semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The expression of GmMYB12B2 was drastically induced by UV irradiation and salt treatment, but no response was detected under low temperature, drought, and ABA stresses. A detailed characterization of the GmMYB12B2 overexpression lines revealed that GmMYB12B2 might be involved in response of plants to UV radiation and salt stresses. Transgenic Arabidopsis lines constitutively expressing GmMYB12B2 showed an increased tolerance to salt and UV radiation treatment compared with wild-type plants. The expression levels of certain salt stress-responsive genes, such as DREB2A and RD17, were found to be elevated in the transgenic plants. These results indicate that GmMYB12B2 acts as a regulator in the plant stress response.

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Nonsense Mutation of an MYB Transcription Factor Is Associated with Purple-Blue Flower Color in Soybean

Cited by 26 publications

References 28 publications

Two distinct spontaneous mutations involved in white flower development in Lilium speciosum

Two distinct spontaneous mutations involved in white flower development in Lilium speciosum

Allelic variation of soybean flower color gene W4 encoding dihydroflavonol 4-reductase 2

Overexpression of soybean R2R3-MYB transcription factor, GmMYB12B2, and tolerance to UV radiation and salt stress in transgenic Arabidopsis

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